Dietary changes following a lifestyle-based intervention for dementia risk reduction - results from the AgeWell.de study.

IF 4.1 2区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS European Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI:10.1007/s00394-024-03563-z

Andrea E Zülke, Iris Blotenberg, Melanie Luppa, Margrit Löbner, Juliane Döhring, Martin Williamson, Robert P Kosilek, Irina Michel, Anke Oey, Christian Brettschneider, Jochen Gensichen, David Czock, Birgitt Wiese, Hans-Helmut König, Thomas Frese, Hanna Kaduszkiewicz, Wolfgang Hoffmann, René Thyrian, Steffi G Riedel-Heller

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Abstract

Purpose: We investigated the effects of a multidomain lifestyle intervention conducted in older adults at increased risk for dementia on participants' diet.

Methods: Secondary analyses of the cluster-randomized AgeWell.de-trial, testing a multidomain intervention (optimization of nutrition and medication, enhancement of physical, social and cognitive activity) in older adults at increased dementia risk. Intervention effects on a healthy diet (composite score) and its components were analyzed using Poisson- and logistic regression analyses. Stages of behavior change (transtheoretical model), and respective changes between baseline and follow-up were analyzed using mixed regression analyses.

Results: A total of 819 individuals were analyzed (M_age = 69.0, SD = 4.9, n_{intervention/control group} = 378/441). We observed a significant intervention effect on the healthy diet score (b = 0.06, IRR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.11). Changes were particularly due to increased fruit- and vegetable consumption, while other food components were not improved by the intervention. The intervention did not induce transitions to advanced stages of behavior change regarding a healthy diet, however, participants in the control group moved to initial stages of behavior change (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.30, 2.92).

Conclusion: A multidomain lifestyle intervention improved participants' diet and maintained motivation to change in an at-risk-sample. However, only fruit- and vegetable consumption increased. Additional support might be necessary to encourage older adults to integrate new, healthier food components into their diet. Control group participants transitioned to initial stages of behavior change, stressing the need to encourage older adults to maintain a healthy diet as they age. AGEWELL.DE WAS PROSPECTIVELY REGISTERED IN THE GERMAN CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTER (DRKS; IDENTIFIER: DRKS00013555) ON DECEMBER 7TH, 2017: DRKS00013555.

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基于生活方式的干预降低痴呆风险后的饮食改变——来自AgeWell.de研究的结果。

目的：我们研究了在痴呆风险增加的老年人中进行的多领域生活方式干预对参与者饮食的影响。方法：对集群随机化的AgeWell.de-trial进行二次分析，对痴呆风险增加的老年人进行多领域干预（优化营养和药物，增强身体、社会和认知活动）。采用泊松回归和logistic回归分析，分析干预对健康饮食（综合评分）及其组成部分的影响。采用混合回归分析分析行为改变阶段（跨理论模型）以及基线与随访之间的变化。结果：共分析819例患者（Mage = 69.0, SD = 4.9，未干预组/对照组= 378/441）。我们观察到干预对健康饮食评分有显著影响（b = 0.06, IRR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.11）。变化主要是由于水果和蔬菜消费量的增加，而其他食物成分并没有因干预而改善。干预并没有诱导健康饮食行为改变的高级阶段，然而，对照组的参与者进入了行为改变的初始阶段（OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.30, 2.92）。结论：在高危人群中，多领域生活方式干预改善了参与者的饮食并保持了改变的动力。然而，只有水果和蔬菜的消费量增加。可能需要额外的支持来鼓励老年人在他们的饮食中加入新的、更健康的食物成分。对照组的参与者过渡到行为改变的初始阶段，强调有必要鼓励老年人随着年龄的增长保持健康的饮食。AGEWELL。De已在德国临床试验注册(drks；标识符：drks00013555) 2017年12月7日发布：drks00013555。

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来源期刊

European Journal of Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

10.20

自引率

2.00%

发文量

295

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The European Journal of Nutrition publishes original papers, reviews, and short communications in the nutritional sciences. The manuscripts submitted to the European Journal of Nutrition should have their major focus on the impact of nutrients and non-nutrients on immunology and inflammation, gene expression, metabolism, chronic diseases, or carcinogenesis, or a major focus on epidemiology, including intervention studies with healthy subjects and with patients, biofunctionality of food and food components, or the impact of diet on the environment.