Effects of biological fertilizers on physiological traits and bioactive compounds in saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

IF 3.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI:10.1002/jsfa.14093

Shima Abdoshah, Davood Bakhshi, Mohammad Bagher Farhangi

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Abstract

BACKGROUND

Relatively few studies have explored the impact of biofertilizers on the qualitative and quantitative yield of saffron despite its global agricultural and medical importance. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and phytochemical responses of saffron to potassium (K), phosphorus (P), and iron-zinc (Fe-Zn) biofertilizers over 2 consecutive years (2022–2023). The treatments included single and combined applications of K, P, and Fe-Zn biofertilizers containing active bacterial inoculum, along with a control group, resulting in a total of eight treatments. Biofertilizers were applied at a rate of 0.5 L per hectare by fertigation in mid-February. Flowering began in mid-November in both 2022 and 2023, lasting approximately 3 weeks, during which data were collected.

RESULTS

The highest flower count (3.5 times greater than the control group), longest flowering duration (2.4 times longer than the control group), greatest stigma dry weight (3.2 times higher than the control group), and highest flowering rate (1.2 times greater than the control group) were recorded in the second year application of the K + Fe-Zn treatment. The K + Fe-Zn treatment also enhanced quality traits significantly, including total phenolic content (1.11 g kg⁻¹; an increase of 1.1 times relative to the control), anthocyanin (977 mg kg⁻¹, an increase of 8.4 times), crocin (126.9 g kg⁻¹, an increase of 1.2 times), picrocrocin (59.8 g kg⁻¹, an increase of 1.2 times), and safranal (1.8 g kg⁻¹, an increase of 3.3 times).

CONCLUSION

Overall, the 2 year application of K + Fe-Zn solubilizing bacteria as biofertilizer improved both the qualitative and quantitative traits of saffron markedly, underscoring its potential importance in sustainable saffron cultivation in mineral-fortified soils. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

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生物肥料对藏红花生理性状及生物活性物质的影响

背景：尽管藏红花具有全球农业和医学重要性，但相对较少的研究探索了生物肥料对藏红花定性和定量产量的影响。本研究旨在评价藏红花对钾(K)、磷(P)和铁锌（Fe-Zn）生物肥料的生理和植物化学反应。处理包括单独施用和组合施用含有活性细菌接种物的钾、磷和铁锌生物肥料，以及对照组，共8个处理。2月中旬施肥，每公顷施用生物肥料0.5升。在2022年和2023年的11月中旬开始开花，持续了大约3周，在此期间收集了数据。结果：K + Fe-Zn处理第二年的花数最高（是对照组的3.5倍），花期最长（是对照组的2.4倍），柱头干重最大（是对照组的3.2倍），开花率最高（是对照组的1.2倍）。K + Fe-Zn处理也显著提高了品质性状，包括总酚含量(1.11 g kg-1；花青素（977 mg kg-1，增加8.4倍）、藏红花素（126.9 g kg-1，增加1.2倍）、微番红花素（59.8 g kg-1，增加1.2倍）、番红花素（1.8 g kg-1，增加3.3倍）。结论：总体而言，施用2年K + Fe-Zn增溶菌作为生物肥料显著改善了藏红花的质量和数量性状，表明其在矿物强化土壤中可持续种植藏红花的潜在重要性。©2024化学工业学会。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 工程技术-农业综合

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

4.90%

发文量

634

审稿时长

3.1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture publishes peer-reviewed original research, reviews, mini-reviews, perspectives and spotlights in these areas, with particular emphasis on interdisciplinary studies at the agriculture/ food interface. Published for SCI by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. SCI (Society of Chemical Industry) is a unique international forum where science meets business on independent, impartial ground. Anyone can join and current Members include consumers, business people, environmentalists, industrialists, farmers, and researchers. The Society offers a chance to share information between sectors as diverse as food and agriculture, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, materials, chemicals, environmental science and safety. As well as organising educational events, SCI awards a number of prestigious honours and scholarships each year, publishes peer-reviewed journals, and provides Members with news from their sectors in the respected magazine, Chemistry & Industry . Originally established in London in 1881 and in New York in 1894, SCI is a registered charity with Members in over 70 countries.