The psychometric properties of the Four Square Step Test in older adults with mild cognitive impairment

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Geriatric Nursing Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-31 DOI:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.12.029

Ulku Kezban Sahin , Taskin Ozkan , Habibe Durdu , Zeynep Unluturk , Fatih Soke

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Abstract

Purpose

The study aimed to determine the test–retest, interrater, and minimum detectable change, concurrent and known-groups validity in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Minimal detectable change values are the degree of change needed to exceed a measurement's error within a confidence limit.

Methods

A total of 46 older adults with mild cognitive impairment and 34 healthy controls were included. The Four Square Step Test was used together with the Timed Up and Go Test, Berg Balance Scale, Functional Reach Test, and One-Leg Stand Test.

Results

The Four Square Step Test revealed high interrater and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.963–0.986 and 0.937–0.956, respectively). The cut-off times of 15.11 s best distinguished older adults as fallers from non-fallers with mild cognitive impairment.

Conclusions

The Four Square Step Test is a valid, reliable, applicable, and safe dynamic balance evaluation to identify subtle changes to dynamic balance in mild cognitive impairment patients.

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老年人轻度认知障碍四方步测验的心理测量特征。

目的：本研究旨在确定老年轻度认知障碍患者的重测效度、互测效度、最小可检测变化效度、并发效度和已知组效度。最小可检测变化值是在置信范围内超过测量误差所需的变化程度。方法：共纳入46例轻度认知障碍老年人和34例健康对照。四方步测试与计时起走测试、伯格平衡量表、功能到达测试和单腿站立测试一起使用。结果：四方步检验显示高的解释者信度和重测信度（ICC分别为0.963 ~ 0.986和0.937 ~ 0.956）。15.11秒的截止时间最能区分老年人是跌倒者还是轻度认知障碍的非跌倒者。结论：四方步检验是一种有效、可靠、适用、安全的动态平衡评估方法，可识别轻度认知障碍患者动态平衡的细微变化。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Geriatric Nursing 医学-护理

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

7.40%

发文量

257

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Geriatric Nursing is a comprehensive source for clinical information and management advice relating to the care of older adults. The journal''s peer-reviewed articles report the latest developments in the management of acute and chronic disorders and provide practical advice on care of older adults across the long term continuum. Geriatric Nursing addresses current issues related to drugs, advance directives, staff development and management, legal issues, client and caregiver education, infection control, and other topics. The journal is written specifically for nurses and nurse practitioners who work with older adults in any care setting.