Substantial and overlooked greenhouse gas emissions from deep Arctic lake sediment

IF 15.7 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI:10.1038/s41561-024-01614-y
Nancy L. Freitas, Katey Walter Anthony, Josefine Lenz, Rachel C. Porras, Margaret S. Torn
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Abstract

Thermokarst lakes cause abrupt and sustained permafrost degradation and have the potential to release large quantities of ancient carbon to the atmosphere. Despite concerns about how lakes will affect the permafrost carbon feedback, the magnitude of carbon dioxide and methane emissions from deep permafrost soils remains poorly understood. Here we incubated a very deep sediment core (20 m) to constrain the potential productivity of thawed Yedoma and underlying Quaternary sand and gravel deposits. Through radiocarbon dating, sediment incubations and sediment facies classifications, we show that extensive permafrost thaw can occur beneath lakes on timescales of decades to centuries. Although it has been assumed that shallow, aerobic carbon dioxide production will dominate the climate impact of permafrost thaw, we found that anaerobic carbon dioxide and methane production from deep sediments was commensurate with aerobic production on a per gram carbon basis, and had double the global warming potential at warmer temperatures. Carbon release from deep Arctic sediments may thus have a more substantial impact on a changing climate than currently anticipated. These environments are presently overlooked in estimates of the permafrost carbon feedback. Deep permafrost soils produce comparable amounts of greenhouse gases as shallow soils in response to warming, according to incubation experiments of deep Arctic lake sediments.

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北极湖泊沉积物中大量被忽视的温室气体排放
热岩溶湖导致永久冻土的突然和持续退化,并有可能向大气释放大量的古碳。尽管人们担心湖泊将如何影响永久冻土的碳反馈,但人们对深层永久冻土中二氧化碳和甲烷排放的规模仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们孵育了一个非常深的沉积物岩心(20米),以限制融化的Yedoma和其下的第四纪砂和砾石沉积物的潜在生产力。通过放射性碳定年,沉积物孵化和沉积物相分类,我们表明,在几十年到几百年的时间尺度上,湖泊下可能发生广泛的永久冻土融化。尽管人们一直认为浅层好氧二氧化碳的产生将主导永久冻土融化对气候的影响,但我们发现,以每克碳为基础,深层沉积物的厌氧二氧化碳和甲烷的产生与好氧二氧化碳和甲烷的产生相当,并且在较暖的温度下,其全球变暖潜势是其两倍。因此,北极深层沉积物中的碳释放对气候变化的影响可能比目前预期的更大。这些环境目前在对永久冻土碳反馈的估计中被忽视了。
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来源期刊
Nature Geoscience
Nature Geoscience 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
26.70
自引率
1.60%
发文量
187
审稿时长
3.3 months
期刊介绍: Nature Geoscience is a monthly interdisciplinary journal that gathers top-tier research spanning Earth Sciences and related fields. The journal covers all geoscience disciplines, including fieldwork, modeling, and theoretical studies. Topics include atmospheric science, biogeochemistry, climate science, geobiology, geochemistry, geoinformatics, remote sensing, geology, geomagnetism, paleomagnetism, geomorphology, geophysics, glaciology, hydrology, limnology, mineralogy, oceanography, paleontology, paleoclimatology, paleoceanography, petrology, planetary science, seismology, space physics, tectonics, and volcanology. Nature Geoscience upholds its commitment to publishing significant, high-quality Earth Sciences research through fair, rapid, and rigorous peer review, overseen by a team of full-time professional editors.
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