Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Nanoparticles with Carbonate-triggered Emission-Colour-Shift

Abstract

(Eu3+4[PTC]4–3)0.78(Eu3+[TREN-1,2-HOPO]3-)0.22 inorganic-organic hybrid nanoparticles (IOH-NPs) contain Eu3+, tris[(1-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-6-carboxamido)ethyl]amine (TREN-1,2-HOPO) and perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylate (PTC). The IOH-NPs are prepared in water and exhibit a rod-type shape, with a length of 60 nm and a diameter of 5 nm. Particle size and chemical composition are examined by different methods (SEM, DLS, FT-IR, TG, C/H/N analysis). With TREN-1,2-HOPO as antenna, the IOH-NPs show Eu3+-based red emission, whereas the PTC emission is totally quenched due to -stacking in the solid nanoparticles. After addition of carbonate, PTC is released from the IOH-NPs into solution, resulting in an increasing green emission of free PTC. The resulting carbonate-driven shift of the emission colour from red to green surprisingly allows to determine the carbonate concentration qualitatively and quantitatively in a concentration range of 1 µM to 2 mM and was tested for tap water as a specific example.