Synthesis and anti-microbial evaluation with in silico studies of novel 2-aminothiazole benzohydrazide derivatives

Abstract

Background

The development of novel anti-microbial drugs for multidrug-resistant (MDR) is a significant challenge. This study aimed to synthesize various derivatives of (Z)-4-(2-aminothiazol-5-yl)-N-benzohydrazide (DT01-DT10) that are effective against a wide variety of anti-bacterial and antifungal pathogens.

Results

The binding energy of the compounds ranged from − 9.0 to − 10.0 kcal/mol. Molecular simulations produced a major result in improving the representation of the real biological conditions with an average RMSD of 0.110 nm. The derivatives DT03, DT04, and DT06 showed overall good anti-microbial activity at lower concentrations of 1.8 µg/ml. Compound DT03 showed significant activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungal strains, with inhibition zone diameters of 17, 19 and 16 mm, respectively. Compound DT04 showed promising anti-bacterial effects against S.mutans and C.albicans, with inhibition zone diameters of 18 and 17 mm, and moderate activity against B. cereus. Compound DT06 showed enhanced activity against P.aeruginosa.

Conclusion

The derivative 4-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)-N′-(Z)-(2-nitrophenyl) methylidene benzohydrazide (DT06), which contained a nitro group displayed potent activity at 1.8 µg/ml with an IC₅₀ of 50.31 and a selectivity index of 61.33.

Graphical abstract