The nanocomposite of chitosan-vitamin C modulates the expression of immune and antioxidant-related genes in Nile tilapia stressed with lead (Pb)

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Aquaculture International Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI:10.1007/s10499-024-01806-8

Ahmed H. Sherif, Amr Fadel, Enas A. Kasem, Magdy E. Mahfouz, Elsayed A. Eldessouki, Hanan A. Fahmy

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Abstract

Fish cultivated in a polluted environment usually face complicated disease cases. Pollution is an evitable event in aquaculture that weakens surface immunity, delaying and lowering the immune responses of aquatic animals. In an indoor experiment, Nile tilapia were reared in water polluted with lead (Pb) at a concentration of 51 µg/l for 8 weeks. A trial was conducted to mitigate the immunosuppression using pre-acclimatized Nile tilapia that were subdivided into six groups in which the exposed fish treated with nanocomposite (chitosan-vitamin C-protected nanoparticles (CVC-NPs)) consisted of 1 g of chitosan nanoparticles containing 400 mg vitamin C/kg fish and 200 mg vitamin C/kg fish feed for 1 week. Fish exposed to Pb pollution were immunocompromised as gene expression of immune-related cytokine and antioxidant enzymes significantly declined. Innate immunity was drastically impacted as OBA, phagocytosis and serum antibacterial activity (SAA) showed low values compared to the control fish; meanwhile, exposed fish was challenged against Streptococcus agalactiae and showed a high mortality rate (MR%). Dietary nanocomposite could restore normal immune status, and supplemented fish achieved low MR% with significantly high gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines. It was concluded that adding 200 mg of CVC-NPs/kg fish feed for 1 week could effectively protect Nile tilapia from S. agalactiae, having superiority over the high dose of 400 mg of CVC-NPs.

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壳聚糖-维生素C纳米复合物对铅胁迫下尼罗罗非鱼免疫及抗氧化相关基因表达的调控

在污染环境中养殖的鱼通常面临复杂的疾病病例。污染是水产养殖中不可避免的事件，它会削弱水面免疫，延缓和降低水生动物的免疫反应。在室内试验中，将尼罗罗非鱼置于浓度为51µg/l的铅污染水中饲养8周。为了减轻尼罗罗非鱼的免疫抑制作用，研究人员将其分为6组，每组使用纳米复合材料（壳聚糖-维生素C保护纳米颗粒（CVC-NPs））处理，该纳米复合材料由1 g壳聚糖纳米颗粒（含400 mg维生素C/kg鱼和200 mg维生素C/kg鱼饲料）组成，持续1周。受铅污染的鱼类免疫功能低下，免疫相关细胞因子和抗氧化酶基因表达显著下降。与对照鱼相比，OBA、吞噬和血清抗菌活性（SAA）降低，先天免疫受到严重影响；同时，暴露鱼被无乳链球菌攻毒，死亡率高（MR%）。饲粮中添加纳米复合物可以恢复正常的免疫状态，添加后的鱼的MR%较低，促炎细胞因子的基因表达显著提高。由此可见，在尼罗罗非鱼饲料中添加200 mg CVC-NPs/kg，连续添加1周，可有效保护尼罗罗非鱼免受无乳链球菌的侵害，且优于高剂量添加400 mg CVC-NPs。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture International 农林科学-渔业

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

6.90%

发文量

204

审稿时长

1.0 months

期刊介绍： Aquaculture International is an international journal publishing original research papers, short communications, technical notes and review papers on all aspects of aquaculture. The Journal covers topics such as the biology, physiology, pathology and genetics of cultured fish, crustaceans, molluscs and plants, especially new species; water quality of supply systems, fluctuations in water quality within farms and the environmental impacts of aquacultural operations; nutrition, feeding and stocking practices, especially as they affect the health and growth rates of cultured species; sustainable production techniques; bioengineering studies on the design and management of offshore and land-based systems; the improvement of quality and marketing of farmed products; sociological and societal impacts of aquaculture, and more. This is the official Journal of the European Aquaculture Society.