Advancing Natural Killer Cell Therapy: Genetic Engineering Strategies for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy.

IF 4 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY Annals of Laboratory Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-08 DOI:10.3343/alm.2024.0380
Joo Dong Park, Ha Eun Shin, Yeon Su An, Hye Jung Jang, Juwon Park, Se-Na Kim, Chun Gwon Park, Wooram Park
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Abstract

Natural killer (NK) cells are pivotal innate immune system components that exhibit spontaneous cytolytic activity against abnormal cells, such as infected and tumor cells. NK cells have shown significant promise in adoptive cell therapy because of their favorable safety profiles and minimal toxicity in clinical settings. Despite their advantages, the therapeutic application of unmodified NK cells faces challenges, including limited in vivo persistence, particularly in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Recent advances in genetic engineering have enhanced the therapeutic potential of NK cells by addressing these limitations and improving their therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we have described various methodologies for the genetic modification of NK cells, including viral vectors, electroporation, and nanoparticle-based approaches. The ongoing research on nanomaterialbased approaches highlights their potential to overcome current limitations in NK cell therapy, paving the way for advanced cancer therapy and improved clinical outcomes. In this review, we also emphasize the potential of engineered NK cells in cancer immunotherapy and other clinical applications, highlighting the expanding scope of NK cell-based treatments and the critical role of innovative genetic engineering techniques.

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推进自然杀伤细胞治疗:增强癌症免疫治疗的基因工程策略。
自然杀伤(NK)细胞是先天免疫系统的关键组成部分,对异常细胞(如感染细胞和肿瘤细胞)表现出自发的细胞溶解活性。由于NK细胞在临床环境中具有良好的安全性和最小的毒性,因此在过继细胞治疗中显示出显著的前景。尽管具有优势,但未修饰NK细胞的治疗应用面临挑战,包括有限的体内持久性,特别是在免疫抑制的肿瘤微环境中。基因工程的最新进展通过解决这些限制和提高其治疗效果,增强了NK细胞的治疗潜力。在这篇综述中,我们描述了NK细胞遗传修饰的各种方法,包括病毒载体、电穿孔和基于纳米颗粒的方法。正在进行的基于纳米材料的方法的研究强调了它们克服当前NK细胞治疗局限性的潜力,为晚期癌症治疗和改善临床结果铺平了道路。在这篇综述中,我们还强调了工程NK细胞在癌症免疫治疗和其他临床应用中的潜力,强调了基于NK细胞的治疗范围的扩大和创新基因工程技术的关键作用。
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来源期刊
Annals of Laboratory Medicine
Annals of Laboratory Medicine MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY-
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
12.20%
发文量
100
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Annals of Laboratory Medicine is the official journal of Korean Society for Laboratory Medicine. The journal title has been recently changed from the Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine (ISSN, 1598-6535) from the January issue of 2012. The JCR 2017 Impact factor of Ann Lab Med was 1.916.
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