The Biomechanics of Spinal Orthoses for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review of the Controlling Forces.

IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Bioengineering Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI:10.3390/bioengineering11121242
Changliang Luo, Huidong Wu, Wei Liu, Yuyan Luo, Yi Jie, Christina Zong-Hao Ma, Mansang Wong
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Abstract

Background: Orthotic treatment is a well-acknowledged conservative treatment for moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The efficacy of this treatment is significantly determined by the forces applied to the bodies of patients. However, there is uncertainty regarding the optimal force levels that should be applied to the patient's torso by spinal orthosis. This study aims to identify reference values for the controlling forces in AIS management.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Web of Science). Only studies written in English and covering the force/pressure measurements of spinal orthosis for the treatment of AIS were included, without publication date restrictions. The methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS) was employed for the methodological quality assessment, and force measurements were standardized to pressure in kilopascals (kPa) for comparison.

Results: From the initial 10,452 records, 10 studies were admitted for the final analysis. All the included studies reported the interface pressure between the thoracic (T) pad and patient's trunk, and seven studies evaluated the pressure from the thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) pad. These studies used different pressure sensors or transducers with the range from 5.6 to 82.5 kPa for the T pads, and 4.8 to 85.1 kPa for the TL/L pads. Four studies reported strap tensions of 26.8 to 60.4 N. Higher strap tension was correlated with increased interface pressure (r = 0.84).

Conclusion: The mean strap tension was 42.5 N, the median interface pressure of the T pads was 8.75 kPa, and the median pressure of TL/L regions was 7.11 kPa without the outliers. The findings provide a baseline value for designing adjustable straps and strategically distributing pressure in orthoses.

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青少年特发性脊柱侧凸脊柱矫形器的生物力学:控制力的系统综述。
背景:矫正治疗是一种公认的保守治疗中度青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(AIS)。这种治疗的效果很大程度上取决于施加在病人身上的力。然而,对于脊柱矫形器应该施加在患者躯干上的最佳力水平,存在不确定性。本研究旨在为AIS管理中的控制力量提供参考值。方法:在PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、Web of Science 5个数据库中进行综合文献检索。仅纳入了用英文撰写并涵盖脊柱矫形器治疗AIS的力/压力测量的研究,没有发表日期限制。采用非随机研究(未成年人)方法学指标进行方法学质量评价,力测量标准化为千帕压力(kPa)进行比较。结果:在最初的10452项记录中,有10项研究被纳入最终分析。所有纳入的研究均报道了胸(T)垫与患者躯干之间的界面压力,7项研究评估了胸腰/腰椎(TL/L)垫的压力。这些研究使用了不同的压力传感器或传感器,T垫的压力范围为5.6至82.5 kPa, TL/L垫的压力范围为4.8至85.1 kPa。四项研究报告了26.8至60.4 n的带张力,带张力越高,界面压力越大(r = 0.84)。结论:皮瓣带张力平均为42.5 N, T垫界面压力中位数为8.75 kPa,左、左区压力中位数为7.11 kPa,无异常值。研究结果为矫形器可调节带的设计和有策略地分配压力提供了基线值。
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来源期刊
Bioengineering
Bioengineering Chemical Engineering-Bioengineering
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
8.70%
发文量
661
期刊介绍: Aims Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354) provides an advanced forum for the science and technology of bioengineering. It publishes original research papers, comprehensive reviews, communications and case reports. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. All aspects of bioengineering are welcomed from theoretical concepts to education and applications. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. There are, in addition, four key features of this Journal: ● We are introducing a new concept in scientific and technical publications “The Translational Case Report in Bioengineering”. It is a descriptive explanatory analysis of a transformative or translational event. Understanding that the goal of bioengineering scholarship is to advance towards a transformative or clinical solution to an identified transformative/clinical need, the translational case report is used to explore causation in order to find underlying principles that may guide other similar transformative/translational undertakings. ● Manuscripts regarding research proposals and research ideas will be particularly welcomed. ● Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material. ● We also accept manuscripts communicating to a broader audience with regard to research projects financed with public funds. Scope ● Bionics and biological cybernetics: implantology; bio–abio interfaces ● Bioelectronics: wearable electronics; implantable electronics; “more than Moore” electronics; bioelectronics devices ● Bioprocess and biosystems engineering and applications: bioprocess design; biocatalysis; bioseparation and bioreactors; bioinformatics; bioenergy; etc. ● Biomolecular, cellular and tissue engineering and applications: tissue engineering; chromosome engineering; embryo engineering; cellular, molecular and synthetic biology; metabolic engineering; bio-nanotechnology; micro/nano technologies; genetic engineering; transgenic technology ● Biomedical engineering and applications: biomechatronics; biomedical electronics; biomechanics; biomaterials; biomimetics; biomedical diagnostics; biomedical therapy; biomedical devices; sensors and circuits; biomedical imaging and medical information systems; implants and regenerative medicine; neurotechnology; clinical engineering; rehabilitation engineering ● Biochemical engineering and applications: metabolic pathway engineering; modeling and simulation ● Translational bioengineering
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