Association between urinary metallothionein concentration and causes of death among cadmium-exposed residents in Japan: a 35-year follow-up study.

IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1265/ehpm.24-00176
Lianen Li, Rie Okamoto, Xian Liang Sun, Teruhiko Kido, Kazuhiro Nogawa, Yasushi Suwazono, Hideaki Nakagawa, Masaru Sakurai
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Abstract

Background: As research progresses, there is a growing body of evidence indicating that urinary metallothionein (MT) levels may be elevated in individuals exposed to cadmium (Cd). This study aimed to investigate the potential association between urinary MT levels and causes of mortality among residents of the Kakehashi River Basin who have been exposed to Cd.

Method: The study involved a total of 1,398 men and 1,731 women were conducted between 1981 and 1982, with follow-up until November 2016. The study employed the Cox proportional-hazards model to examine the association between higher urinary MT concentrations and the risk of all-cause or cause-specific mortality within the population. Furthermore, the Fine and Gray competing risks regression model was used to evaluate the links between specific causes of death.

Results: The findings revealed that elevated urinary MT concentrations were linked to increased all-cause mortality and higher mortality rates from renal and urinary tract diseases across all participants. Specifically, in men, higher urinary MT levels were associated with elevated all-cause mortality, while in women, increased concentrations were linked to higher mortality from endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases, as well as cardiovascular diseases. Even after adjusting for competing risks, higher urinary MT concentrations were associated with tumor-related mortality in men and continued to be associated with cardiovascular disease mortality in women.

Conclusions: In conclusion, the results suggest that women may face a greater risk of adverse health effects due to prolonged exposure to Cd. Urinary MT levels could potentially serve as a biomarker for mortality from these diseases in populations chronically exposed to Cd.

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日本镉暴露居民尿金属硫蛋白浓度与死亡原因的关系:一项35年随访研究
背景:随着研究的进展,越来越多的证据表明,暴露于镉(Cd)的个体尿金属硫蛋白(MT)水平可能升高。本研究旨在调查接触cd的笕桥河流域居民尿MT水平与死亡原因之间的潜在关联。方法:1981年至1982年期间,该研究共涉及1,398名男性和1,731名女性,随访至2016年11月。该研究采用Cox比例风险模型来检验较高尿MT浓度与人群中全因或特定原因死亡风险之间的关系。此外,使用Fine和Gray竞争风险回归模型来评估特定死亡原因之间的联系。结果:研究结果显示,尿MT浓度升高与所有参与者的全因死亡率增加以及肾脏和尿路疾病的死亡率升高有关。具体来说,在男性中,尿中MT浓度升高与全因死亡率升高有关,而在女性中,MT浓度升高与内分泌、营养、代谢疾病以及心血管疾病的死亡率升高有关。即使在调整了相互竞争的风险后,尿中MT浓度升高与男性肿瘤相关死亡率相关,并继续与女性心血管疾病死亡率相关。结论:总之,结果表明,由于长期接触Cd,妇女可能面临更大的不良健康影响风险。尿MT水平可能作为慢性接触Cd人群中这些疾病死亡率的生物标志物。
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来源期刊
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH -
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
2.10%
发文量
44
审稿时长
10 weeks
期刊介绍: The official journal of the Japanese Society for Hygiene, Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine (EHPM) brings a comprehensive approach to prevention and environmental health related to medical, biological, molecular biological, genetic, physical, psychosocial, chemical, and other environmental factors. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine features definitive studies on human health sciences and provides comprehensive and unique information to a worldwide readership.
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