Socioeconomic status moderates the effect of physical education on overweight and obesity in children: a quasi-experimental trial.

IF 3 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS European Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI:10.1007/s00431-024-05959-9

Michael Margaard Lund, Jeffrey J Hebert, Heidi Klakk, Lisbeth Runge Larsen, Niels Wedderkopp

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Abstract

This study aimed to estimate the effects of an intensive school-based physical education intervention on the risk of developing overweight or obesity in primary school students when accounting for the moderating role of socioeconomic status. This quasi-experimental trial included data from primary school students participating in an intensive physical education program comprising 4.5 h of weekly physical activity compared to 1.5 h per week in the control group. Socioeconomic status was estimated by maternal education. The study outcome was overweight or obesity status determined by longitudinal measures of body mass index over 4.5 years. Intervention effects and the moderating role of socioeconomic status were estimated using multilevel mixed-effects logistic models. We included data from 588 children in the intensive physical education group and 415 children in the control group (52.9% female; mean [SD] age = 8.5 [1.4] years). There was a significant 3-way interaction between intervention group, socioeconomic status, and time (p = 0.018). Within the control group, children from the low socioeconomic strata had a greater probability of being overweight or obese from 36 months onward compared to children from the high socioeconomic strata. The physical activity intervention reduced the risk of overweight or obesity among children from the low socioeconomic strata; after 4.5 years, the risk reduction (95% CI) was 11.4 (2.4 to 20.4)%.

Conclusion: A school-based physical activity intervention, delivered through a physical education program, effectively reduces overweight and obesity risk in disadvantaged primary school students and may address some of the adverse health-related impacts of living with low socioeconomic status.

What is known: • School-based physical activity programs offer promising solutions for improving health-related physical activity in children. However, the impact of socioeconomic context on the effectiveness of these programs is unclear.

What is new: • An intensive school-based physical activity intervention effectively reduces overweight and obesity risk in disadvantaged primary school students and may address some of the adverse health-related impacts of living with low socioeconomic status.

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社会经济地位调节体育教育对儿童超重和肥胖的影响：一项准实验试验。

本研究旨在评估强化学校体育干预对小学生超重或肥胖风险的影响，同时考虑社会经济地位的调节作用。这项准实验试验的数据来自参加强化体育项目的小学生，该项目每周进行4.5小时的体育活动，而对照组每周进行1.5小时的体育活动。社会经济地位是通过母亲的受教育程度来估计的。研究结果是超重或肥胖状态，由体重指数纵向测量超过4.5年。采用多水平混合效应logistic模型估计干预效果和社会经济地位的调节作用。我们纳入了强化体育组588名儿童和对照组415名儿童的数据(52.9%为女性；平均[SD]年龄= 8.5[1.4]岁)。干预组、社会经济地位和时间之间存在显著的3向交互作用（p = 0.018）。在对照组中，来自低社会经济阶层的孩子比来自高社会经济阶层的孩子在36个月后超重或肥胖的可能性更大。体力活动干预降低了社会经济底层儿童超重或肥胖的风险；4.5年后，风险降低（95% CI）为11.4(2.4 - 20.4)%。结论：以学校为基础的体育活动干预，通过体育教育项目提供，可以有效降低弱势小学生的超重和肥胖风险，并可能解决社会经济地位低的生活对健康的一些不利影响。已知情况：•以学校为基础的体育活动计划为改善儿童健康相关的体育活动提供了有希望的解决方案。然而，社会经济背景对这些项目有效性的影响尚不清楚。新发现：•以学校为基础的强化体育活动干预可有效降低弱势小学生的超重和肥胖风险，并可能解决低社会经济地位生活对健康的一些不利影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

European Journal of Pediatrics 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

2.80%

发文量

367

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： The European Journal of Pediatrics (EJPE) is a leading peer-reviewed medical journal which covers the entire field of pediatrics. The editors encourage authors to submit original articles, reviews, short communications, and correspondence on all relevant themes and topics. EJPE is particularly committed to the publication of articles on important new clinical research that will have an immediate impact on clinical pediatric practice. The editorial office very much welcomes ideas for publications, whether individual articles or article series, that fit this goal and is always willing to address inquiries from authors regarding potential submissions. Invited review articles on clinical pediatrics that provide comprehensive coverage of a subject of importance are also regularly commissioned. The short publication time reflects both the commitment of the editors and publishers and their passion for new developments in the field of pediatrics. EJPE is active on social media (@EurJPediatrics) and we invite you to participate. EJPE is the official journal of the European Academy of Paediatrics (EAP) and publishes guidelines and statements in cooperation with the EAP.