Gestalt, Navon and Kanizsa illusion processing in CVI, ADHD, and dyslexia Children with Normal verbal IQ.

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-12-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fnhum.2024.1496796

Marinke J Hokken, Ymie J Van Der Zee, Rob Rodrigues Pereira, Ingrid G I J G Rours, Maarten A Frens, Johannes van der Steen, Johan J M Pel, Marlou J G Kooiker

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Abstract

Introduction: Global Visual Selective Attention (VSA) is the ability to integrate multiple visual elements of a scene to achieve visual overview. This is essential for navigating crowded environments and recognizing objects or faces. Clinical pediatric research on global VSA deficits primarily focuses on autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, in children with cerebral visual impairment (CVI) and other neurodevelopmental disorders (ADHD, dyslexia) similar deficits are reported. The aim of this study was to investigate global VSA performance in children with CVI, ADHD, dyslexia and neurotypical children by combing gaze-based measures with conventional neuropsychological tasks.

Methods: We included children aged 6-12 years with CVI (n = 20), ADHD (n = 30), dyslexia (n = 34) and neurotypical development (n = 37), all with normal verbal IQ. Eye tracking measurements were stepwise introduced within three global VSA tasks: Gestalt Closure (no eye tracking), Navon stimuli (eye tracking-based qualitative analysis) and Kanizsa Illusory Contours (KIC; eye tracking-based quantitative analysis). Verbal responses were compared with non-verbal gaze behavior.

Results: Children with CVI had significantly lower success rates on Gestalt Closure recognition, prolonged verbal response times on Navon stimuli, and decreased verbal and gaze performance on the KIC task compared to all other groups, irrespective of visual acuity. Children with ADHD and dyslexia performed similar to neurotypical children on all tasks.

Discussion: The results suggest а distinct global VSA deficit in children with CVI, which aligns with clinical observations of symptoms in daily life. Incorporating gaze-based analyses provided new information about search strategies beyond verbal answers and made the KIC task more inclusive for children with language and motor disabilities. Assessing global VSA within clinical CVI assessments could improve the differential diagnostic evaluations among children with CVI, ADHD and dyslexia, leading to more personalized treatment approaches.

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正常言语智商的CVI、ADHD和阅读障碍儿童的格式塔、纳文和卡尼萨幻觉加工。

简介：全局视觉选择性注意（VSA）是一种整合场景多个视觉元素以实现视觉概览的能力。这对于在拥挤的环境中导航和识别物体或人脸至关重要。全球VSA缺陷的临床儿科研究主要集中在自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）。然而，在患有脑视觉障碍（CVI）和其他神经发育障碍（ADHD，阅读障碍）的儿童中，也有类似的缺陷报道。本研究的目的是通过结合基于凝视的测量和传统的神经心理学任务，调查CVI、ADHD、阅读障碍和神经典型儿童的整体VSA表现。方法：我们纳入6-12岁 岁的CVI （n = 20）、ADHD （n = 30）、阅读障碍（n = 34）和神经典型发育（n = 37）儿童，所有儿童言语智商正常。在三个全局VSA任务中逐步引入眼动追踪测量：格式塔关闭（无眼动追踪），Navon刺激（基于眼动追踪的定性分析）和Kanizsa虚幻轮廓(KIC；基于眼动追踪的定量分析)。将言语反应与非言语凝视行为进行比较。结果：与所有其他组相比，CVI儿童在格式塔闭合识别上的成功率明显较低，对Navon刺激的言语反应时间延长，在KIC任务上的言语和凝视表现下降，与视力无关。患有多动症和阅读障碍的儿童在所有任务中的表现与正常儿童相似。讨论：研究结果表明，CVI患儿存在明显的整体VSA缺陷，这与日常生活中症状的临床观察相一致。结合基于注视的分析提供了除了口头回答之外的搜索策略的新信息，并使KIC任务对有语言和运动障碍的儿童更具包容性。在临床CVI评估中评估全局VSA可以改善CVI、ADHD和阅读障碍儿童的鉴别诊断评估，从而导致更个性化的治疗方法。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

6.90%

发文量

830

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Human Neuroscience is a first-tier electronic journal devoted to understanding the brain mechanisms supporting cognitive and social behavior in humans, and how these mechanisms might be altered in disease states. The last 25 years have seen an explosive growth in both the methods and the theoretical constructs available to study the human brain. Advances in electrophysiological, neuroimaging, neuropsychological, psychophysical, neuropharmacological and computational approaches have provided key insights into the mechanisms of a broad range of human behaviors in both health and disease. Work in human neuroscience ranges from the cognitive domain, including areas such as memory, attention, language and perception to the social domain, with this last subject addressing topics, such as interpersonal interactions, social discourse and emotional regulation. How these processes unfold during development, mature in adulthood and often decline in aging, and how they are altered in a host of developmental, neurological and psychiatric disorders, has become increasingly amenable to human neuroscience research approaches. Work in human neuroscience has influenced many areas of inquiry ranging from social and cognitive psychology to economics, law and public policy. Accordingly, our journal will provide a forum for human research spanning all areas of human cognitive, social, developmental and translational neuroscience using any research approach.