The Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Patients Hospitalized with Respiratory Symptoms: A Retrospective Cohort Study in South Brazil.

IF 5.2 3区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Vaccines Pub Date : 2024-12-22 DOI:10.3390/vaccines12121445

Christopher J Hernandez, Kavya G Sundar, Fernando Echegaray, Mary Catherine Cambou, Lanbo Z Yang, Eddy R Segura, Marineide Gonçalves de Melo, Breno Riegel Santos, Ivana Rosângela Dos Santos Varella, Karin Nielsen-Saines

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Abstract

Objectives: SARS-CoV-2 infection is a known risk factor for adverse health outcomes in pregnancy, affecting both maternal and neonatal health. Mounting evidence suggests that even a single dose of an approved COVID-19 vaccine protects against severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and is safe for both pregnant persons and neonates. Southern Brazil was heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the protective effects of the vaccine on maternal and neonatal health are not well described. This study aims to examine the protective effects of maternal COVID-19 vaccination on both maternal and neonatal outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study that leveraged medical data from a tertiary center in South Brazil to compare maternal and infant outcomes between hospitalized pregnant persons with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1 March 2020, and 1 March 2023.

Results: In total, 524 patients were enrolled, including 275 pregnant patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 249 without infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with maternal ventilator support (adjusted Risk Ratio [aRR] = 1.48, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: 1.08-2.03), while receipt of at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine was associated with protection against maternal sepsis (aRR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03-0.56), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (aRR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10-0.68), need for ventilator support (aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.84), infant admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (aRR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47-0.82), and neonatal respiratory distress (aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.83).

Conclusions: These findings further underscore the importance of maternal vaccination against COVID-19 during pregnancy. Even one dose of vaccine was protective against a variety of maternal and neonatal outcomes. Prenatal care should encourage COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy.

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COVID-19疫苗接种对因呼吸道症状住院的孕妇的益处：巴西南部的一项回顾性队列研究

目的：SARS-CoV-2感染是妊娠期不良健康结局的已知危险因素，影响孕产妇和新生儿健康。越来越多的证据表明，即使是一剂经批准的COVID-19疫苗也可以预防严重的SARS-CoV-2感染，对孕妇和新生儿都是安全的。巴西南部受到COVID-19大流行的严重影响，疫苗对孕产妇和新生儿健康的保护作用尚未得到很好的描述。本研究旨在研究COVID-19疫苗接种对妊娠期感染SARS-CoV-2后孕产妇和新生儿结局的保护作用。方法：这是一项回顾性队列研究，利用巴西南部三级中心的医疗数据，比较2020年3月1日至2023年3月1日期间住院的感染和未感染SARS-CoV-2的孕妇的母婴结局。结果：共纳入524例患者，其中确诊为SARS-CoV-2感染的孕妇275例，未感染的249例。SARS-CoV-2感染与产妇呼吸机支持相关（调整风险比[aRR] = 1.48, 95%可信区间[95% CI]: 1.08-2.03），而至少接种一剂COVID-19疫苗与产妇预防sepsis （aRR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03-0.56）、重症监护病房（ICU）入院（aRR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10-0.68）、需要呼吸机支持相关(aRR = 0.60, 95% CI：0.43-0.84)、新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）（aRR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47-0.82）和新生儿呼吸窘迫（aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.83）。结论：这些发现进一步强调了孕产妇在妊娠期间接种COVID-19疫苗的重要性。即使一剂疫苗也能预防产妇和新生儿的各种疾病。产前护理应鼓励怀孕期间接种COVID-19疫苗。

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来源期刊

Vaccines Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmacology

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

16.70%

发文量

1853

审稿时长

18.06 days

期刊介绍： Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal focused on laboratory and clinical vaccine research, utilization and immunization. Vaccines publishes high quality reviews, regular research papers, communications and case reports.