Divergent Hydroelementation of Unsaturated C−C Bonds Using 3d Transition Metal Based Catalysts

Abstract

Divergent hydroelementation reactions offer a cost-effective synthetic protocol to prepare two or more products starting from same set of reactant molecules by altering one or more reaction parameters. This strategy is quite helpful in functionalizing unsaturated C−C bonds into several value-added chemical compounds by using various organic and metal-based catalysts. In this regard, catalysts derived from 3d metals have come to the fore, providing an alternative to heavier transition metals and rare-earth elements. In this review, we summarize and elucidate the recent developments of divergent hydroelementation of alkenes and alkynes using the first-row transition metal complexes by categorizing them into three classes: (1) Catalyst and ligand-controlled; (2) Reaction component-controlled and (3) Substrate-controlled. Given the importance of hydroelementation reactions, we hope this review will be helpful to the organic chemistry community.