Rapid review to inform the selection of a set of brief set of universal indicators for use in large-scale cross-national ageism research.

Abstract

Objectives: Ageism occurs across the world, with negative consequences for individuals and societies. In 2016, WHO received a mandate from its Member States to lead the global campaign to combat ageism. To monitor, evaluate, and build evidence for reducing ageism, the availability of a brief, reliable and valid set of indicators of ageism experiences that can be used globally is essential.

Method: Building on previous reviews, the current review examines existing measures of ageism with a specific focus on suitability for meeting this need. Given the urgent need for indicators in the context of the global campaign to combat ageism, a rapid review methodology was adopted.

Results: Results suggested that no measure met all desired criteria; however, the WHO ageism experiences scale was the most promising of available measures due to its focus on ageism as a multi-dimensional construct encompassing stereotypes, prejudices, and discrimination and self-directed, interpersonal, and institutional elements and the explicit consideration of cross-cultural universality in its development. Other promising measures included ESS Round 4 items along with its CIS and VQ variants, the Everyday Ageism Scale, the Perceived Ageism Questionnaire (PAQ), and the Ageism Survey.

Conclusion: Further cross-setting validation of this scale is recommended.