Influence of gamma-ray irradiation on the structural, optical, and non-linear optical properties of N-phenyl anthranilic acid single crystal

Abstract

The impact of gamma radiation on N-phenyl anthranilic acid (NPAA) crystals is examined, with an emphasis on their structural and optical properties. NPAA crystals were synthesized and exposed to varying gamma radiation doses (0 kGy, 1 kGy, 5 kGy, 10 kGy, and 15 kGy). Structural and optical modifications induced by radiation were examined using advanced characterization techniques, including Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), High-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), UV–Vis spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) analysis. The third-order nonlinear absorption coefficient was measured to be 8.42 × 10⁻¹⁰ cm/W before gamma radiation exposure (0 kGy) and 1.26 × 10⁻⁹ cm/W after exposure to 15 kGy of gamma radiation. Similarly, the third-order nonlinear refractive index was determined to be 3.47 × 10⁻¹⁷ cm²/W before exposure and 3.89 × 10⁻¹⁴ cm²/W post-exposure. These results reveal a substantial enhancement in the third-order nonlinear optical properties of the crystal post-gamma radiation exposure, indicating its promising potential for the development of radiation-resistant materials for advanced optoelectronic, laser, and scintillation applications, etc.