Radiation Physics and Chemistry最新文献

英文中文

Experimental validation of absolute full energy peak efficiency and energy resolution of NaI(Tl), CsI(Tl), BGO, YAP(Ce) and CeBr3 scintillation detectors modeled with Monte Carlo codes

IF 2.8 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112603

Issam Mouhti , John Elton McFee , Mohamed Drissi El-Bouzaidi , J. El Qars , El Houssaine Ouacha , M'hand Assakrar , Mohammed Bellioua

Gamma ray spectroscopy has been used extensively for advanced studies in nuclear medicine, industry, and scientific research. Progress in modern high speed computers has allowed the development of sophisticated Monte Carlo simulation codes which can accurately model the time and energy response of gamma spectroscopy detectors and estimate performance parameters. The purpose of this work is to study results from simulation of scintillation detectors for gamma spectroscopy applications. Simulations were performed for three state-of-the-art Monte Carlo transport programs, OpenMC, Geant4 and MCNPX. For each, a model accurately approximating the geometry, dimensions and materials corresponding to the scintillators in real gamma spectroscopy experiments was created. Simulations were run for five different types of inorganic scintillation detectors – NaI(Tl), CsI(Tl), BGO, YAP(Ce) and CeBr₃ - for a wide range of incident gamma ray energies from 32 keV to 1408 keV. The gamma rays chosen correspond to well-known energies from commonly available radionuclide calibration sources, namely ²⁴¹Am, ²²Na, ¹³³Ba, ¹⁵²Eu, ¹³⁷Cs and ⁶⁰Co. Common detector performance parameters were extracted for each simulation program, including absolute full energy peak efficiency and energy resolution. Estimates from simulations of the latter two parameters were compared to experimental data for several gamma sources under the same or very similar conditions, including varying source-to-detector distance to validate the simulation models and the performance of the different simulation codes.

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引用次数: 0

Eco-friendly and low-dose radiation shielding material using natural waste cuttlebone and silicone rubber composite

IF 2.8 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112604

Gunjanaporn Tochaikul , Nuttapol Tanadchangsaeng , Anuchan Panaksri , Nutthapong Moonkum

This study investigates the development and evaluation of silicone/cuttlebone composites as eco-friendly alternatives to conventional radiation shielding materials. Designed with a uniform thickness of 3 mm, the composites offer a lightweight, non-toxic suitable solution for applications prioritizing environmental sustainability. Cuttlebone, a calcium carbonate-rich natural byproduct, was incorporated into silicone rubber at varying concentrations (0%, 12.5%, 25%, and 50% by weight) to examine its effect on radiation attenuation properties. The composites underwent thorough mixing, curing, and post-curing processes before being evaluated for their physical morphology, radiation shielding efficiency, and mechanical performance. Key parameters, including radiation absorption, linear attenuation coefficient, and half-value layer (HVL), were assessed under X-ray energies of 60, 90, and 120 kVp. At 120 kVp, the 50% CB composite achieved an absorption dose of 56.70%, a linear attenuation coefficient of 2.79 cm⁻¹, and a HVL of 0.25 cm. While lead (0.5 cm thickness) exhibited superior performance (99.91% absorption dose, 14.07 cm⁻¹ linear attenuation, and 0.05 cm HVL), the silicone/cuttlebone composite presents a sustainable alternative for applications requiring reduced toxicity and environmental impact. These findings emphasize its potential for diverse medical and industrial uses, with further research needed to enhance its shielding efficiency.

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引用次数: 0

Formation of Si–Er–O structures in Si by Ar-irradiation for harvesting light at the 4f intraband transition

IF 2.8 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112607

S. Abedrabbo , M.M. Zeidan , A. Abdullah , I.A. Qattan , J. Hassan , A.T. Fiory

In the pursuit of developing cost-effective optically active media for silicon-based infrared emitters, we employed a multi-step fabrication process to create silicon films doped with erbium (Er) and oxygen (O). The process involved physical vapor deposition (PVD) followed by ion beam surface modification (IBM) and oxygen incorporation that are facilitated by Ar⁺ and O²⁺ implantation, and thermal annealing techniques. The resulting silicon films, denoted as Si–Er–O, demonstrated efficient room-temperature emission, indicative of 4f transitions. Notably, the observed photoluminescence (PL) manifests Stark-split ⁴I_13/2 - ⁴I_15/2 transitions characteristic of Er³⁺ impurity centers mimicking that of Er in optical fiber materials. The concentration distributions of the dopants within the films were determined utilizing Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). The main finding of this study is the correlation between Er concentration, oxygen presence, and optical activity in Si–Er–O films. Results demonstrate that the optical activity of Er³⁺ ions rise with the O/Er atomic concentration ratio, peaking at a specific ratio; corroborating earlier results from other researchers in the literature. Elevated Er concentration correlates with decreased PL signals, confirming that Er–O association enhances optically active Er³⁺, while Er–Er association inhibits it. This optimal balance suggests potential improvements in light emitting diodes (LED) manufacturing via PVD. More importantly, the efficacy of IBM is evident in its role in enhancing Er thermal diffusion and achieving optimal optical activation. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of controlling processing conditions to achieve desired composition and properties, with implications for enhancing LED efficiency, especially in the infrared spectral range.

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引用次数: 0

Sensors in pursuit of personalized radiation medicine

IF 2.8 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112602

D.A. Bradley , A. Taheri , S.N. Mat Nawi , Lam Siok Ee , M.U. Khandaker , S.F.Abdul Sani , N.S. Mohd Nor Ihsan , Jeannie Hsiu Ding Wong

We are developing high spatial resolution radiation-sensitive passive and active insulator sensors, the responses respectively reflecting molecular configuration absorptivity and disruptions, and electron trapping, with readout dependent upon evoked light. Present interest in radiation medicine links with an over-arching aim of providing for the capture of detailed dose data, accessing systems possessing the ability to reflect patient-to-patient variations. In turn, enriched data can link to AI-assisted individualized procedures offering the potential of improvements in therapeutic outcomes. The work builds on prior investigation of the thermoluminescence of 50 μm graphite foils and Raman analysis of 75 μm PTFE tape, the latter medium being the focus of current interest. For PTFE the intention herein is to investigate systems of readout that offer an alternative to Raman spectroscopy, investigating photoluminescence- and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. In use of photoluminescence spectroscopy linear dose sensitivity from a few mGy to in excess of several Gy is found, the lower end being important in encompassing typical penumbral doses and scatter. Additionally, the flexible PTFE tape provides for a comprehensive range of body curvatures. Moreover, unprecedented micron level 2D spatial resolution is obtained from use of laser readout. The tape offers particular advantages, allowing safe and accurate dose assessments in otherwise hard to deal-with situations, including for eyes and skin.

{"title":"Sensors in pursuit of personalized radiation medicine","authors":"D.A. Bradley , A. Taheri , S.N. Mat Nawi , Lam Siok Ee , M.U. Khandaker , S.F.Abdul Sani , N.S. Mohd Nor Ihsan , Jeannie Hsiu Ding Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We are developing high spatial resolution radiation-sensitive passive and active insulator sensors, the responses respectively reflecting molecular configuration absorptivity and disruptions, and electron trapping, with readout dependent upon evoked light. Present interest in radiation medicine links with an over-arching aim of providing for the capture of detailed dose data, accessing systems possessing the ability to reflect patient-to-patient variations. In turn, enriched data can link to AI-assisted individualized procedures offering the potential of improvements in therapeutic outcomes. The work builds on prior investigation of the thermoluminescence of 50 μm graphite foils and Raman analysis of 75 μm PTFE tape, the latter medium being the focus of current interest. For PTFE the intention herein is to investigate systems of readout that offer an alternative to Raman spectroscopy, investigating photoluminescence- and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. In use of photoluminescence spectroscopy linear dose sensitivity from a few mGy to in excess of several Gy is found, the lower end being important in encompassing typical penumbral doses and scatter. Additionally, the flexible PTFE tape provides for a comprehensive range of body curvatures. Moreover, unprecedented micron level 2D spatial resolution is obtained from use of laser readout. The tape offers particular advantages, allowing safe and accurate dose assessments in otherwise hard to deal-with situations, including for eyes and skin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 112602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Natural radionuclide distribution and radiological risk assessment in Brazilian building finishes: Paints, varnishes, sealers, primers, and enamels

IF 2.8 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112609

Lucas Faria da Silva , Leandro Barbosa da Silva , Carlos Omar Pastrana Orejuela , Jonathan Oliveira dos Santos , Altivo Monteiro de Souza , Gabriel do Nascimento Freitas , Ademir Xavier da Silva

This study investigates the natural radioactivity levels in paints, varnishes, sealers, primers, and enamels used in residential buildings in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, addressing a gap in the existing literature on naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) in surface finishing materials. While the contribution of building materials to radiation exposure is well documented, limited data exists on the specific activities of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K in common surface finishes such as paints, varnishes, sealers, primers, and enamels. Thirty-three samples from leading Brazilian manufacturers were analyzed using gamma spectrometry to determine activity concentrations. Results revealed significant variations across material types, with paints exhibiting the highest levels—notably sample T9 with 40.45 Bq kg⁻¹−1 (²²⁶Ra), 36.68 Bq kg⁻¹−1 (²³²Th), and 194.56 Bq kg⁻¹ (⁴⁰K)—while sealers consistently showed the lowest. Calculated annual effective doses for all samples, including the highest at 0.4 mSv y⁻⁻¹ (T9), remained well below the international safety limit of 1 mSv y⁻⁻¹. Importantly, the activities of the majority of radionuclides in the compounds were found to be below their respective dose limits, confirming compliance with global safety standards. The calculated radiological hazard metrics, including annual effective dose and associated economic costs, highlighted the importance of minimizing overall radiation exposure by prioritizing lower radioactivity finishing materials, especially when combined with other high-activity construction materials. This research establishes the first comprehensive database of radioactivity levels in Brazilian surface finishing materials and offers practical guidance for enhancing building safety standards.

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引用次数: 0

The stabilization effects of graphene oxide coupled with rosemary extract

IF 2.8 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112601

Traian Zaharescu , Ioana Cîrstea , Aurora Crăciun , Radu Mirea

The stabilization efficiencies produced on ethylene-propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) by graphene oxide (GO) and rosemary extract (RM) are studied by nonisothermal chemiluminescence. The obtained eco-materials present an evident improvement of durability under the accelerated degradation occurred by γ-exposure. The complementary contributions achieved by these additives in respect with the effects of their couple are discussed by means of the comparison of the onset oxidation temperatures characterizing the potential contributions of GO and RM by scavenging of free radicals. The oxidation resistance is evaluated by means of the values of activation energy, which is required for the delay of structural degradation. The values of activation energies increase by the addition of protectors and they maintain higher degree of stabilization in the irradiated polymers by means of the radiochemical crosslinking of polymer substrate.

引用次数: 0

Phase contrast based high resolution X-ray desktop tomography

IF 2.8 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112600

A.M.M.M. Perez , D. Hampai , A. Filippo , E. Capitolo , M.E. Poletti , S.B. Dabagov

In our research on X-ray imaging, a desktop setup composed by a microfocus source, a charge-coupled device (CCD) detector and a precision rotation stage was used to carry out the studies on X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCI) for high resolution tomography. Attenuation based tomographic imaging of a screw was performed, while organic samples consisting of both an insect embedded an amber stone, and a piece of wood were imaged using phase contrast technique. Stereo-imaging was performed by reconstruction of projection images. The procedure of reconstruction is based on a conversion of projection images into slices images, on a segmentation, as well as on a 3D rendering. We have shown that rendered images allow identification of fine details of both inorganic and organic samples studied. Precise instrumentation used has enabled us to combine the phase information and the tomographic reconstruction that results in getting high resolution tomographic images.

引用次数: 0

Excitation function of 141Pr(p,x) reactions: Experimental measurements

IF 2.8 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112594

Arshiya Anees Ahmed, Ryszard Misiak, Jerzy W. Mietelski, Kamil Brudecki

This research explores the activation cross sections of several neodymium (Nd) and cerium (Ce) radionuclides generated by proton-induced reactions on praseodymium-141 (¹⁴¹Pr) within an energy range of 27 to 60 MeV. The study specifically focuses on the production pathways ¹⁴¹Pr

{(p, x n)}^{139 m, 140, 141}

Nd and ¹⁴¹Pr

{(p, x)}^{139}

Ce. The experimental excitation functions obtained are compared with theoretical predictions from the TALYS code and existing literature. The comparison demonstrates a good agreement between the experimental and theoretical results.

引用次数: 0

Influence of replacement trace amounts of B2O3 with Nd2O3 on the optical, shielding, and structural parameters of lanthanum-based borate glass

IF 2.8 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112598

Dalal Abdullah Aloraini , Kh S. Shaaban , Hosam M. Gomaa

In this study, small amounts of Nd₂O₃ were introduced into lanthanum borate-based glass based on the substitution principle according to the chemical formula (95-x)B₂O₃-5La₂O₃-xNd₂O₃ (0 ≤ x ≤ 2 mol%). The traditional melting method was used to prepare the investigated solids, while the bulk density measurement, (XRD), (FTIR), and (UV–Vis.) absorption techniques were used in the characterization process. The bulk density value changed from 3.09 to 4.31 g/cm³ when the Nd₂O₃ increased from 0 mol% to 2 mol%. The XRD patterns, in the range 10°–80°, confirm a glassy phase characterized by short-range order, with Nd doping causing peak shifts and intensity reductions, indicating increased bulk density and strain. FTIR, in the range 1700-400 cm⁻¹, analysis reveals vibrational modes associated with borate groups and Nd₂O₃-induced transformation of BO₄ to BO₃ units, reflected in structural parameter changes (N₄ decreased, N₃ increased). The optical absorption spectra, in the range 300–900 nm, normalized for comparative analysis, show Nd³⁺ ions' strong absorption due to their partially filled 4f orbitals. Nd₂O₃ incorporation shifts absorption edges, induces f-f transition peaks (348–876 nm), and increases optical absorbance intensity. Optical band gap calculations using Tauc’s relation reveal an unexpected increase from 3.47 eV to 3.7 eV for electronic direct-transitions and from 3.18 eV to 3.31 eV for electronic indirect-transitions. Such abnormal behavior attributed to energy band separation broadening and enhanced Nd³⁺ absorption. The γ-ray shielding parameters (LAC), (Z_eff), and (Σ_R) improve significantly with higher Nd₂O₃ content, demonstrating the glass system's suitability for radiation shielding applications. Glass samples with maximum Nd₂O₃ content (x = 2) show superior γ-ray and neutron shielding efficiencies compared to other materials, highlighting their potential for optoelectronic, photonic, and radiological applications.

{"title":"Influence of replacement trace amounts of B2O3 with Nd2O3 on the optical, shielding, and structural parameters of lanthanum-based borate glass","authors":"Dalal Abdullah Aloraini , Kh S. Shaaban , Hosam M. Gomaa","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, small amounts of Nd₂O₃ were introduced into lanthanum borate-based glass based on the substitution principle according to the chemical formula (95-x)B₂O₃-5La₂O₃-xNd₂O₃ (0 ≤ x ≤ 2 mol%). The traditional melting method was used to prepare the investigated solids, while the bulk density measurement, (XRD), (FTIR), and (UV–Vis.) absorption techniques were used in the characterization process. The bulk density value changed from 3.09 to 4.31 g/cm³ when the Nd₂O₃ increased from 0 mol% to 2 mol%. The XRD patterns, in the range 10°–80°, confirm a glassy phase characterized by short-range order, with Nd doping causing peak shifts and intensity reductions, indicating increased bulk density and strain. FTIR, in the range 1700-400 cm<sup>−1</sup>, analysis reveals vibrational modes associated with borate groups and Nd₂O₃-induced transformation of BO₄ to BO₃ units, reflected in structural parameter changes (N₄ decreased, N₃ increased). The optical absorption spectra, in the range 300–900 nm, normalized for comparative analysis, show Nd³⁺ ions' strong absorption due to their partially filled 4f orbitals. Nd₂O₃ incorporation shifts absorption edges, induces f-f transition peaks (348–876 nm), and increases optical absorbance intensity. Optical band gap calculations using Tauc’s relation reveal an unexpected increase from 3.47 eV to 3.7 eV for electronic direct-transitions and from 3.18 eV to 3.31 eV for electronic indirect-transitions. Such abnormal behavior attributed to energy band separation broadening and enhanced Nd³⁺ absorption. The γ-ray shielding parameters (LAC), (Z<sub>eff</sub>), and (Σ<sub>R</sub>) improve significantly with higher Nd₂O₃ content, demonstrating the glass system's suitability for radiation shielding applications. Glass samples with maximum Nd₂O₃ content (x = 2) show superior γ-ray and neutron shielding efficiencies compared to other materials, highlighting their potential for optoelectronic, photonic, and radiological applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 112598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing biomedical applications of Ti–6Al–4V alloys: The role of boron nitride and titanium diboride coatings in mechanical and radiation shielding performance

IF 2.8 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112597

Murat Bilen

This study investigates the enhancement of mechanical and radiation attenuation properties of Ti–6Al–4V alloy through surface modification using Boron Nitride (BN) and Titanium Diboride (TiB₂) coatings. The samples were produced using Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and coated via cathodic arc physical vapor deposition (PVD). SEM analyses confirmed the uniform distribution of coatings and their compatibility with theoretical thickness calculations. Mechanical tests revealed that the coatings improved hardness and wear resistance, with BN providing a lower friction coefficient and TiB₂ exhibiting superior wear resistance. Radiation attenuation tests showed that TiB₂ coatings significantly enhanced the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) at 1.173 MeV, while BN coatings demonstrated superiority in mass attenuation coefficient (MAC). Improvements were also observed in HVL, TVL, and MFP parameters. These findings suggest that BN and TiB₂ coatings can optimize the mechanical durability and radiation resistance of Ti–6Al–4V alloy for biomedical applications.

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