High-strength elastomer separator for high-current-density-charging lithium metal batteries

IF 3.5 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, APPLIED Applied Physics Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI:10.1063/5.0243655

Shufeng Song, Fengkun Wei, Ren Zhang, Serguei V. Savilov, Anji Reddy Polu, Pramod K. Singh, Ning Hu

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Abstract

Utilizing lithium metal as an anode in batteries has been expected to replace conventional lithium-ion batteries. However, the mechanical properties and electrochemical performance of current separators do not meet the requirements for practical applications of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Here, we report an elastomer separator with an interconnected structure of plastic-crystal-embedded and garnet-conductor-regulated thermoplastic polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene-r-butylene)-b-polystyrene elastomer integrated with the polyethylene matrix. The 14-micron-thick elastomer separators show a combination of excellent elongation of ∼115.2% and sufficiently high tensile strength of ∼56 MPa. The elastomer separators accommodate volume changes and block dendrites for high-current-density cycling of LMBs. As a demonstration, the elastomer separators enable stable operation of LMBs under stringent conditions, a practical high loading of 18 mg cm−2 LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathode at an extremely high charging/discharging current density of 1.8 mA cm−2, delivering a high reversible capacity of 164 mAh g−1 and capacity retention of 88% after 140 cycles.

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用于大电流密度充电锂金属电池的高强度弹性体分离器

利用锂金属作为电池的阳极有望取代传统的锂离子电池。然而，电流分离器的力学性能和电化学性能还不能满足锂金属电池（lmb）实际应用的要求。在这里，我们报道了一种弹性体分离器，该弹性体分离器具有嵌入塑料晶体和石榴石导体调节的热塑性聚苯乙烯-b-聚（乙烯-对丁烯）-b-聚苯乙烯弹性体与聚乙烯基体集成的互连结构。14微米厚的弹性体分离器具有优异的延伸率（~ 115.2%）和足够高的抗拉强度（~ 56 MPa）。弹性体分离器适应体积变化和阻挡枝晶，用于lmb的高电流密度循环。作为演示，弹性体分离器使lmb在严格的条件下稳定运行，在1.8 mA cm−2的极高充放电电流密度下，实际高负载为18 mg cm−2的LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 （NCM811）阴极，提供164 mAh g−1的高可逆容量，140次循环后容量保持率为88%。

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来源期刊

Applied Physics Letters 物理-物理：应用

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

10.00%

发文量

1821

审稿时长

1.6 months

期刊介绍： Applied Physics Letters (APL) features concise, up-to-date reports on significant new findings in applied physics. Emphasizing rapid dissemination of key data and new physical insights, APL offers prompt publication of new experimental and theoretical papers reporting applications of physics phenomena to all branches of science, engineering, and modern technology. In addition to regular articles, the journal also publishes invited Fast Track, Perspectives, and in-depth Editorials which report on cutting-edge areas in applied physics. APL Perspectives are forward-looking invited letters which highlight recent developments or discoveries. Emphasis is placed on very recent developments, potentially disruptive technologies, open questions and possible solutions. They also include a mini-roadmap detailing where the community should direct efforts in order for the phenomena to be viable for application and the challenges associated with meeting that performance threshold. Perspectives are characterized by personal viewpoints and opinions of recognized experts in the field. Fast Track articles are invited original research articles that report results that are particularly novel and important or provide a significant advancement in an emerging field. Because of the urgency and scientific importance of the work, the peer review process is accelerated. If, during the review process, it becomes apparent that the paper does not meet the Fast Track criterion, it is returned to a normal track.