A Mitochondria-targeted Iridium (Ⅲ) Complex-Based Sensor for endogenous GSH Detection in living Cells

IF 3.6 3区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Analyst Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI:10.1039/d4an01465k

Sha Xu, Qikai Ju, Xueting Mao, Tangxuan Cai, Daobin Zhang

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Abstract

Glutathione (GSH) plays an important role in maintaining REDOX homeostasis in biological systems. Development of reliable glutathione sensors is of great significance to better understand the role of biomolecules in living cells and organisms. Based on advantages of the photophysical properties of iridium complexes, we proposed a "turn-on" phosphorescent sensor. Ir-DNFB had the characteristics of large Stokes shift, high sensitivity to GSH detection, low cytotoxicity, and extremely short response time, which can specifically analyze glutathione in living cells and highly target endogenous glutathione in mitochondria. Due to the N-H portion on imidazole ring of Ir-DNFB could form a new electrostatic interaction with α-carboxyl group on glutamate moitey of glutathione, then the nucleophilic attack reaction was regulated by sulfydryl group on GSH, following the ether bond linking 2,4-dinitrobenzene to probe Ir-DNFB was broken, accompanied with phosphorescence enhancement. Most importantly, the process of recognizing glutathione was not affected by other amino acids. Overall, this work provided a very useful tool for rapidly distinguishing between normal, inflammatory, and progressive tumor cells.

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