Receiver design for the REACH global 21-cm signal experiment

IF 2.7 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Experimental Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI:10.1007/s10686-024-09975-3

Ian L. V. Roque, Nima Razavi-Ghods, Steven H. Carey, John A. Ely, Will Handley, Alessio Magro, Riccardo Chiello, Tian Huang, P. Alexander, D. Anstey, G. Bernardi, H. T. J. Bevins, J. Cavillot, W. Croukamp, J. Cumner, E. de Lera Acedo, D. I. L. de Villiers, A. Fialkov, T. Gessey-Jones, Q. Gueuning, A. T. Josaitis, G. Kulkarni, S. A. K. Leeney, R. Maiolino, P. D. Meerburg, S. Mittal, M. Pagano, S. Pegwal, C. Pieterse, J. R. Pritchard, A. Saxena, K. H. Scheutwinkel, P. Scott, E. Shen, P. H. Sims, O. Smirnov, M. Spinelli, K. Zarb-Adami

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Abstract

We detail the REACH radiometric system designed to enable measurements of the 21-cm neutral hydrogen line. Included is the radiometer architecture and end-to-end system simulations as well as a discussion of the challenges intrinsic to highly-calibratable system development. Following this, we share laboratory results based on the calculation of noise wave parameters utilising an over-constrained least squares approach. For five hours of integration on a custom-made source with comparable impedance to that of the antenna used in the field, we demonstrate a calibration RMSE of 80 mK. This paper therefore documents the state of the calibrator and data analysis in December 2022 in Cambridge before shipping to South Africa.

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REACH全球21cm信号实验接收机设计

我们详细介绍了设计用于测量21厘米中性氢线的REACH辐射测量系统。包括辐射计架构和端到端系统模拟，以及对高可校准系统开发固有挑战的讨论。在此之后，我们分享了基于使用过约束最小二乘方法计算噪声波参数的实验室结果。在与现场使用的天线阻抗相当的定制源上集成五个小时，我们展示了80 mK的校准RMSE。因此，本文记录了2022年12月在剑桥运输到南非之前的校定器和数据分析的状态。

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来源期刊

Experimental Astronomy 地学天文-天文与天体物理

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

3.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Many new instruments for observing astronomical objects at a variety of wavelengths have been and are continually being developed. Furthermore, a vast amount of effort is being put into the development of new techniques for data analysis in order to cope with great streams of data collected by these instruments. Experimental Astronomy acts as a medium for the publication of papers of contemporary scientific interest on astrophysical instrumentation and methods necessary for the conduct of astronomy at all wavelength fields. Experimental Astronomy publishes full-length articles, research letters and reviews on developments in detection techniques, instruments, and data analysis and image processing techniques. Occasional special issues are published, giving an in-depth presentation of the instrumentation and/or analysis connected with specific projects, such as satellite experiments or ground-based telescopes, or of specialized techniques.