[Comparative analysis of the state of the microvasculature of the oral mucosa in persons with metabolic syndrome in the aspect of orthopedic dental rehabilitation].

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the dynamics of the condition of the mucous membrane in patients with metabolic syndrome at the stage of preparation for dental prosthetics using dental implants.

Material and methods: 255 patients (151 women and 104 men) aged from 35 to 65 years were examined. 3 groups were formed: 2 study groups and a comparison group. Groups 1 and 2 included individuals with excess body weight and MS. The control group consisted of 88 people without MS. A dynamic analysis of the state of microcirculation in the gum mucosa was carried out using the laser Doppler flowmetry method at the stages before dental implantation and before prosthetics supported by dental implants.

Results: The data obtained during the study from the analysis of microcirculation parameters indicated not only a decrease in the intensity of blood flow in people with MS, but also a decrease in vasomotor activity of blood vessels. A comparison of the indicators of these individuals with similar data in individuals without metabolic disorders showed that in patients with MS, changes in microcirculation in periodontal tissues during the inflammatory-destructive process are more pronounced, especially in the group of individuals with hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes, which manifested by a decrease in the level of tissue blood flow to 20.9%, the intensity of tissue blood flow to 46% and vasomotor activity to 33.6% as a result of a decrease in active and passive regulatory mechanisms.

Conclusion: Disorders of microcirculation in the tissues of the mouth against the background of MS of varying severity led to a decrease in the activity of blood flow and tissue perfusion, which indicates a deterioration in tissue trophism, especially in persons with MS complicated by hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes. This trend predetermines a negative impact on the condition of the tissues around the DI, both before its installation and during the period of adaptation to orthopedic structures, this will be especially pronounced in persons with a burdened somatic status. Before carrying out dental rehabilitation, it is necessary to take into account all the risks of developing possible complications caused by the general condition of the organs and systems of patients with MS.