Stomatologiya最新文献

The stages of preoperative planning and surgical treatment of compromised teeth by the method of autotransplantation of a tooth are presented on the example of two clinical cases. The autotransplantation method can be considered an alternative to dental implantation when strictly adhering to the surgical protocol and careful selection of patients.

The paper presents an overview of modern scientific data on the study of the effect of laser radiation on biological tissues of the mouth in the therapeutic treatment of dental diseases. The use of lasers in the treatment of dental caries and its complications, non-carious lesions of hard dental tissues, as well as the use of lasers in the treatment of periodontal diseases and aesthetic restoration of teeth is considered.

Background: Restoring the integrity of the dentition with orthopedic structures should be carried out strictly according to indications, taking into account the condition of the supporting teeth and/or teeth limiting the defect.

Objective: To conduct a retrospective analysis of the results of orthopedic treatment of patients with shortened dentition according to clinical and radiological methods.

Materials and methods: The material for the study was data from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of 126 patients with shortened dentition (most patients with the absence of a second molar, as well as the absence of the first and second molars), who sought a consultation about missing teeth in the orthopedic and surgical department of the Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center TsNIISiCHLKh Ministry of Health of Russia.

Results: At the stages of treatment for patients in the study group, insufficient attention is paid to the restoration of terminal defects of the dentition in the upper and lower jaws, especially the restoration of second molars. This may be due to improper planning of dental treatment and insufficient motivation of the patient to carry out comprehensive dental rehabilitation. According to CT studies, the number of complications of orthopedic treatment in the area of supporting teeth and/or teeth limiting the included defect or terminal defect of the dentition in the masticatory region increases depending on the period of use of the orthopedic structure.

Conclusions: The use of cantilever structures leads to functional overload of the supporting teeth. Neglecting the restoration of a full dentition and prosthetics of end defects of the dentition leads to dentoalveolar advancement of antagonists of missing teeth and the appearance of complications such as functional overload of supporting teeth and resorption of alveolar bone.

Objective: The study of caries lesions of children 7 and 12 years old with different degrees of severity of autism and concomitant intellectual disabilities, in comparison with a control group of neurotypical patients of similar age.

Materials and methods: The main study group included children with ASD ages 7 and 12 (n=214), and the comparison group included neurotypical children of the same age (n=140). To assess the incidence of dental caries, indicators of the prevalence and intensity of the process were used.

Results: The prevalence of dental caries in children with ASD is lower than in the comparison group or comparable. The average caries prevalence was found in the 7- and 12-year-old groups in children with mild autism without concomitant intellectual deficits (80.89±3.40 and 76.65±4.24, respectively). In children with severe and extremely severe autism, regardless of the presence of intellectual disability, the prevalence of dental caries was high in both age groups, which is comparable with the same indicator and age of neurotypical children. Moreover, both age groups of neurotypical children were also comparable in caries prevalence (89.67±1.65 and 90.32±1.20 respectively). Caries intensity did not seem to be related to years of autistic disorder (significantly lower in the group of 12-year-old children with ASD, compared to 7-year-olds). Caries intensity in children with ASD increased with increasing severity of autism and concomitant intellectual disability.

Conclusion: Further comprehensive studies in terms of included variables are needed to identify contributing factors (impact of family socioeconomic opportunities, increased parental care, etc.).

The aim of the study: Optimization of methods for treating dental discoloration using whitening systems based on hydrogen peroxide by laboratory studying their chemical properties.

Material and methods: The effectiveness of the bleaching system was assessed by quantitatively assessing the color change of model samples of hydroxyapatite (HAP) in the CIE L*a*b* system on a Spectron-M color analyzer after exposure to coloring food media. Safety assessment was carried out on samples made from teeth removed according to indications.

Results: The results of laboratory tests allow us to conclude that the Chairside Light Whitening System professional teeth whitening system fläsh. (WHITEsmile GmbH, Germany) has high whitening efficiency with a whitening degree of ~84%, which significantly exceeds the norm of GOST R 702.3.004-2021. the microhardness of the enamel of samples exposed to the whitening gel for 15 minutes changes extremely little. After exposure of the studied samples to the Chairside Light Whitening System fläsh whitening system for 45 minutes, an increase in digital microhardness indicators is observed, which indicates the dynamics of processes demineralizing the hard tooth structure.

Conclusions: Chairside Light Whitening System fläsh professional teeth whitening system has high whitening efficiency with minimal impact on the teeth structure and high safety.

Abstract: S of the XV scientific and practical conference of young scientists «Scientific achievements of modern dentistry and maxillofacial surgery», dedicated to the memory of professor V.M. Bezrukov.

The aim of the study: Was to improve the quality of treatment in pediatric outpatient dentistry with the effective use of oral sedation.

Materials and methods: The study comprised 60 children aged 3-12 years who were undergoing therapeutic/surgical dental treatment. All children's somatic state was assessed as ASAI-II. All children met a number of psychological, anamnestic and procedural criteria. Midazolam and chloropyramine in a dose calculated for the patient's body weight were used as components of oral sedation. The estimated sedation depth was Ramsay II-III. The study included an analysis of objective (the time of comfortable treatment, the amount of treated or removed teeth per visit, the possibility of treatment without anesthesia during further visits) and subjective (the possibility of contact with the child during treatment, behavioral reactions at home and on further visits) criteria. Negative behavioral reactions and dental effects were also assessed.

Results: The treatment features correlated with the age category and gender of the patient. In the older age group of 7-12 years, the amount of comfortable treatment time was higher, the possibility of contact with the child reached 100% (which is twice as much as in the younger one), and also a larger number of patients were treated during further visits without an anesthetic aid. At the same time, in the younger age group of 3-6 years, the volume of treatment per visit was higher, since it takes less time to treat a primary tooth than for a permanent one. Side effects (visual hallucinations, diplopia, hyperactivity, tearfulness and aggressiveness) were more often recorded in the younger age group, but emotional instability was equally manifested in both groups.

Conclusion: In order to maximize the effectiveness of using oral sedation as a method, it is necessary to take into account the duration and traumatism of the proposed procedure, the peculiarities of age psychology and the peculiarities of the psychological development of boys and girls.

The presented clinical case describes the need for repetitive dental treatment in a child with pathological root resorption in all the primary molars after pulpotomy and composite resin restoration. Pathological resorption is of inflammatory origin in the majority of cases and an important risk factor for it is marginal leakage of the restoration. According to literature, the optimal restorative choice considering marginal fit are stainless steel pediatric crowns. Root resorption in the patient was asymptomatic. It proves the necessity for radiological control after treatment and 3, 6, 12, 24 months after it.

Objective: The aim of the study is to analyze the estimated and actual duration of treatment and the number of visits to the orthodontist by patients using modern orthodontic equipment. Analysis of the duration of orthodontic treatment of patients with varying degrees of difficulty and comparison of the estimated and actually spent time for its implementation.

Material and methods: 308 medical records of patients who underwent orthodontic treatment were analyzed. According to the Siebert - Malygin method, the degree of difficulty of treatment, its duration, the number of necessary visits were calculated and the data obtained were compared with the actual time spent on correcting dental and occlusion anomalies and the number of visits by the patient to the orthodontist.

Results: The results of treatment of 308 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with modern non-removable equipment (braces) are analyzed in the clinic of LLC «Prime dentistry» in Ryazan. Before starting treatment, the preliminary treatment time was calculated using the method of determining the difficulty of orthodontic treatment of Siebert - Malygin. The calculation of the degree of difficulty of treatment, its duration, and the number of necessary visits was carried out. The data obtained were compared with the actual time spent on correction of dental and occlusion anomalies and the number of visits by the patient to an orthodontist. It was found that, despite the use of modern equipment, the treatment time practically does not decrease, but the number of visits to achieve the desired result is significantly reduced. Coefficients have been calculated to clarify the required number of visits to the orthodontist. In the treatment of anomalies in the position of teeth (APD), it is 0.77, APD, combined with distal occlusion - 0.79 deep - 0.78, open - 0.66 and mesial - 0.69.

Conclusion: The use of modern orthodontic equipment reduces the number of patient visits to the doctor, which saves time, reduces labor costs and allows you to provide the necessary assistance to more people in need. The coefficients calculated during the study to determine the required number of visits to an orthodontist by a patient, depending on the existing orthodontic pathology, make it possible to predict the treatment time with greater accuracy when using the Siebert - Malygin method. This is very relevant when planning upcoming manipulations and to more accurately justify the cost of treatment depending on the required time and number of visits to eliminate APS.

The aim the study. Evaluate the effectiveness of biofeedback therapy in the complex rehabilitation of masticatory muscle hypertonicity in patients with a high level of anxiety.

Material and methods: The study included 40 patients aged 20 to 32 years with complaints of fatigue and discomfort in the area of chewing muscles, teeth compression during the day, nocturnal bruxism, crowding of teeth. Two groups were formed: the study group, whose patients underwent splint therapy in combination with biofeedback therapy trainings; in the control group, patients received treatment with splint therapy without the use of biofeedback therapy. Electromyography of the masticatory muscles at rest and during compression were used to diagnose hypertonicity of the masticatory muscles. To assess the psycho-emotional state, a medical and social questionnaire was conducted using questionnaires: «Health Questionnaire», Beck Depression Inventory, Spielberger-Khanin Anxiety Scale, SF-16 Quality of Life Scale.

Results: A decrease in the level of depression, anxiety was revealed with the stabilization of emotional sensitivity in relation to other people, emotional involvement in everyday life, and an increase in the quality of life. When comparing electromyographic data at rest and during clenching of teeth in patients of the study group the indicators were lower than in the control group.

Conclusions: The effectiveness of biofeedback therapy at the stages of orthodontic treatment using splint therapy was established in the form of a decrease in the activity of masticatory muscles in patients of the study group. In the control group, the index of masticatory muscle activity decreased to a lesser extent. Biofeedback methods have shown a high level of effectiveness in reducing the symptoms of anxiety and depression, improving the quality of life.