{"title":"The concepts of code biology.","authors":"Marcello Barbieri","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105400","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Today there are two dominant paradigms in Biology: the idea that 'Life is Chemistry' and the idea that 'Life is Chemistry plus Information'. There is also a third paradigm, the idea that 'Life is Chemistry, Information and Meaning' but today this is a minority view, despite the fact that meaning is produced by codes and there is ample experimental evidence that hundreds of codes exist in living systems. This is because that evidence has not yet reached the university books, but what exists in nature is bound to exist, one day, also in our books and at that point the codes will become an integral part of biology. This paper is a brief description of the key concepts of that third paradigm that has become known as Code Biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":50730,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems","volume":"248 ","pages":"105400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biosystems","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105400","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Today there are two dominant paradigms in Biology: the idea that 'Life is Chemistry' and the idea that 'Life is Chemistry plus Information'. There is also a third paradigm, the idea that 'Life is Chemistry, Information and Meaning' but today this is a minority view, despite the fact that meaning is produced by codes and there is ample experimental evidence that hundreds of codes exist in living systems. This is because that evidence has not yet reached the university books, but what exists in nature is bound to exist, one day, also in our books and at that point the codes will become an integral part of biology. This paper is a brief description of the key concepts of that third paradigm that has become known as Code Biology.
期刊介绍：
BioSystems encourages experimental, computational, and theoretical articles that link biology, evolutionary thinking, and the information processing sciences. The link areas form a circle that encompasses the fundamental nature of biological information processing, computational modeling of complex biological systems, evolutionary models of computation, the application of biological principles to the design of novel computing systems, and the use of biomolecular materials to synthesize artificial systems that capture essential principles of natural biological information processing.
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