A Review of Potentials of Carica Papaya Leaves in Dengue Viral Infection - Insights of Clinical and Preclinical Studies.

Abstract

One of the most widespread arboviral diseases in the world, dengue virus disease (DVD) is primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions, affecting 129 countries. The main way that the dengue virus (DENV) spreads is through the bite of a female Aedes aegypti mosquito. Symptomatic therapy and supportive care are the primary methods of managing patients with DENV infection as there is currently no approved antiviral medication for this condition. Since the guidelines from the AYUSH Ministry, Government of India, recommend 10 ml of carica papaya leaf extract (CPLE) twice daily for seven days, to treat dengue fever clinically, we plan to review the potential of carica papaya in managing DENV infection.Using terms like dengue, dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue shock syndrome, and carica papaya, the literature was searched in databases like Medline/PubMed Central/PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, Directory of open access journals (DOAJ), and reference lists to find articles relevant to the clinical, in-vivo, in-vitro, and in-silico studies evaluating the efficacy of carica papaya in the management of dengue viral infection. This review included English-language publications that supported the use of carica papaya in the treatment of dengue fever, but it excluded publications that were duplicates.Numerous preclinical and clinical investigations, such as in-vitro, in-vivo, and in-silico studies, have identified carica papaya's anti-dengue potential. The pleiotropic effects of carica papaya, including its anti-thrombocytopenic activity, immunomodulatory effects, and larvicidal property against the Aedes aegypti mosquito species, have also been confirmed by numerous in-vitro and in-vivo studies. These effects can help patients with dengue fever by elevating their platelet count and alleviating other symptoms.To hasten recovery and reduce hospital stays, patients with DENV infection may take carica papaya leaf extract (CPLE) in addition to supportive care and symptomatic treatment. Additional randomized controlled clinical trials would be necessary to confirm the safety and effectiveness of CPLE in patients with DENV infection.