Application of the Omaha System-Based Continuous Care Model in Diabetes Health Management for Outpatients within the Framework of "Internet +".

Abstract

Aims/Background Diabetes is a chronic lifelong condition that requires consistent self-care and daily lifestyle adjustments. Effective disease management involves regular blood glucose monitoring and ongoing nursing support. Inadequate education and poor self-management are key factors contributing to increased mortality among diabetic individuals. Providing personalized guidance and behavioral interventions through continuous nursing care is crucial for achieving optimal glycemic control and fostering positive societal outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an Omaha System-based continuous nursing model, implemented through the "Internet+" framework, on enhancing self-health management skills, glycemic control, and treatment adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods This retrospective study analyzed clinical data of T2DM patients who visited the diabetes health management clinic of Zhang Ye People's Hospital affiliated to Hexi University between December 2023 and May 2024. Participants were categorized into intervention and control groups based on whether they received the "Internet+"-enabled Omaha System continuous nursing care model. Variables, including demographic characteristics, self-management behaviors, cognitive abilities, environmental factors, glycemic control indicators, and treatment adherence (medication compliance, dietary compliance, lifestyle adherence, and follow-up punctuality), were assessed and compared at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months post-intervention. Results The study included 52 patients in the intervention group and 68 in the control group. Baseline characteristics revealed no significant differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). At 1 and 3 months post-intervention, the intervention group exhibited significant improvements in self-management behaviors, cognitive abilities, environmental factors, and overall scores compared to baseline and the control group (p < 0.05). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels were also significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to baseline and the control group (p < 0.05). 3 months post-intervention, the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher adherence rates to dietary recommendations, healthy lifestyle practices, and treatment compliance compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion The "Internet+"-based Omaha System continuous nursing model significantly enhances self-health management capabilities, stabilizes glycemic control, and promotes adherence to healthy behaviors among patients with T2DM. These findings highlight the potential of the model for broader clinical application in diabetes management.