The impact of aflatoxin B1 on animal health: Metabolic processes, detection methods, and preventive measures

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Toxicon Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2025.108262

Tianyang Wang, Runzi Cui, Hai-Fan Yu, Dian Yang, Shuting Zhang, Yuzhe Nie, Chun-Bo Teng

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Abstract

Aflatoxin (AF) is a toxic metabolite produced by the fungus Aspergillus. The various subtypes of AFs include B1, B2, G1, G2, M1, and M2, with Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) being the most toxic. These AFs are widespread in the environment, particularly in soil and food crops. The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified AFB1 as a highly potent natural Class 1A carcinogen. Excessive exposure to AFB1 can lead to poisoning in both humans and animals, posing substantial risks to food safety and livestock breeding industries. This review provides an overview of the metabolic processes, detection methods, and the detrimental impacts of AFB1 on animal reproduction, immunity, nerves, intestines, and metabolism. Furthermore, it explores the preventive and control capacities of natural active substances, trace elements, and microorganisms against AFB1. Ultimately, this paper serves as a reference for further research on the pathogenic mechanism of AFB1, the development of preventive drugs, and the selection of effective detoxification measures for AFB1 in animal feed.

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黄曲霉毒素B1对动物健康的影响：代谢过程、检测方法和预防措施。

黄曲霉毒素是一种由真菌曲霉产生的有毒代谢物。AFs的不同亚型包括B1、B2、G1、G2、M1和M2，其中黄曲霉毒素B1 （AFB1）毒性最大。这些AFs在环境中广泛存在，特别是在土壤和粮食作物中。世界卫生组织（WHO）已将AFB1列为强效天然1A类致癌物。过量接触AFB1可导致人类和动物中毒，对食品安全和牲畜养殖业构成重大风险。本文综述了AFB1的代谢过程、检测方法以及对动物生殖、免疫、神经、肠道和代谢的有害影响。此外，还探讨了天然活性物质、微量元素和微生物对AFB1的防治能力。最终为进一步研究AFB1的致病机制、开发预防药物、选择动物饲料中AFB1的有效解毒措施提供参考。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Toxicon 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

10.70%

发文量

358

审稿时长

68 days

期刊介绍： Toxicon has an open access mirror Toxicon: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. An introductory offer Toxicon: X - full waiver of the Open Access fee. Toxicon''s "aims and scope" are to publish: -articles containing the results of original research on problems related to toxins derived from animals, plants and microorganisms -papers on novel findings related to the chemical, pharmacological, toxicological, and immunological properties of natural toxins -molecular biological studies of toxins and other genes from poisonous and venomous organisms that advance understanding of the role or function of toxins -clinical observations on poisoning and envenoming where a new therapeutic principle has been proposed or a decidedly superior clinical result has been obtained. -material on the use of toxins as tools in studying biological processes and material on subjects related to venom and antivenom problems. -articles on the translational application of toxins, for example as drugs and insecticides -epidemiological studies on envenoming or poisoning, so long as they highlight a previously unrecognised medical problem or provide insight into the prevention or medical treatment of envenoming or poisoning. Retrospective surveys of hospital records, especially those lacking species identification, will not be considered for publication. Properly designed prospective community-based surveys are strongly encouraged. -articles describing well-known activities of venoms, such as antibacterial, anticancer, and analgesic activities of arachnid venoms, without any attempt to define the mechanism of action or purify the active component, will not be considered for publication in Toxicon. -review articles on problems related to toxinology. To encourage the exchange of ideas, sections of the journal may be devoted to Short Communications, Letters to the Editor and activities of the affiliated societies.