Ferrocene-Driven Revolution in Perovskite Photovoltaics

Abstract

Ferrocene (Fc) and its derivatives have emerged as promising materials for enhancing the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), addressing key challenges related to efficiency and stability. With unique properties such as high thermal stability, robust redox behavior, and exceptional electrochemical activity, Fc derivatives facilitate effective surface defect passivation and interface modification for enhancing charge transport in PSCs. These materials mitigate interface defects, suppress nonradiative recombination, and improve moisture and thermal resistance, thus boosting the efficiency and operational lifespan of PSCs. Recent advances also demonstrate their potential as efficient hole-transporting material and stabilizers, further optimizing energy levels and light absorption. This review highlights the critical role of Fc derivatives in PSC development, detailing their applications in bulk, surface, and interfacial optimization. Additionally, it explores uncharted opportunities for functionalized Fc derivatives with tailored active sites, offering insights into their potential for advancing next-generation photovoltaic technologies.