Associations between common genetic variants and income provide insights about the socio-economic health gradient

IF 21.4 1区心理学 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Nature Human Behaviour Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI:10.1038/s41562-024-02080-7

Hyeokmoon Kweon, Casper A. P. Burik, Yuchen Ning, Rafael Ahlskog, Charley Xia, Erik Abner, Yanchun Bao, Laxmi Bhatta, Tariq O. Faquih, Maud de Feijter, Paul Fisher, Andrea Gelemanović, Alexandros Giannelis, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Bita Khalili, Yunsung Lee, Ruifang Li-Gao, Jaan Masso, Ronny Myhre, Teemu Palviainen, Cornelius A. Rietveld, Alexander Teumer, Renske M. Verweij, Emily A. Willoughby, Esben Agerbo, Sven Bergmann, Dorret I. Boomsma, Anders D. Børglum, Ben M. Brumpton, Neil Martin Davies, Tõnu Esko, Scott D. Gordon, Georg Homuth, M. Arfan Ikram, Magnus Johannesson, Jaakko Kaprio, Michael P. Kidd, Zoltán Kutalik, Alex S. F. Kwong, James J. Lee, Annemarie I. Luik, Per Magnus, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Nicholas G. Martin, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Preben Bo Mortensen, Sven Oskarsson, Emil M. Pedersen, Ozren Polašek, Frits R. Rosendaal, Melissa C. Smart, Harold Snieder, Peter J. van der Most, Peter Vollenweider, Henry Völzke, Gonneke Willemsen, Jonathan P. Beauchamp, Thomas A. DiPrete, Richard Karlsson Linnér, Qiongshi Lu, Tim T. Morris, Aysu Okbay, K. Paige Harden, Abdel Abdellaoui, W. David Hill, Ronald de Vlaming, Daniel J. Benjamin, Philipp D. Koellinger

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Abstract

We conducted a genome-wide association study on income among individuals of European descent (N = 668,288) to investigate the relationship between socio-economic status and health disparities. We identified 162 genomic loci associated with a common genetic factor underlying various income measures, all with small effect sizes (the Income Factor). Our polygenic index captures 1–5% of income variance, with only one fourth due to direct genetic effects. A phenome-wide association study using this index showed reduced risks for diseases including hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes, depression, asthma and back pain. The Income Factor had a substantial genetic correlation (0.92, s.e. = 0.006) with educational attainment. Accounting for the genetic overlap of educational attainment with income revealed that the remaining genetic signal was linked to better mental health but reduced physical health and increased risky behaviours such as drinking and smoking. These findings highlight the complex genetic influences on income and health.

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来源期刊

Nature Human Behaviour Psychology-Social Psychology

CiteScore

36.80

自引率

1.00%

发文量

227

期刊介绍： Nature Human Behaviour is a journal that focuses on publishing research of outstanding significance into any aspect of human behavior.The research can cover various areas such as psychological, biological, and social bases of human behavior.It also includes the study of origins, development, and disorders related to human behavior.The primary aim of the journal is to increase the visibility of research in the field and enhance its societal reach and impact.