{"title":"Cell-Free MIMO Perceptive Mobile Networks: Cloud vs. Edge Processing","authors":"Seongah Jeong;Jinkyu Kang;Osvaldo Simeone;Shlomo Shamai","doi":"10.1109/TVT.2025.3534148","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Perceptive mobile networks (PMNs) implement sensing and communication by reusing existing cellular infrastructure. Thanks to the cooperation among distributed access points, cell-free multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems support the deployment of multistatic radar sensing, while providing high spectral efficiency for data communication services. To this end, in a cell-free MIMO system, distributed access points (APs) communicate over fronthaul links with a central processing unit (CPU) in the cloud. This work proposes four different types of PMN uplink solutions based on cell-free MIMO systems, in which the sensing and decoding functionalities are carried out at either the cloud or the edge. Accordingly, we develop and compare joint cloud-based decoding and sensing (CDCS), hybrid cloud-based decoding and edge-based sensing (CDES), hybrid edge-based decoding and cloud-based sensing (EDCS) and edge-based decoding and sensing (EDES). In all cases, we target a unified design problem formulation for fronthaul quantization to maximize the achievable rate under sensing and fronthaul capacity constraints. Via numerical results, the four implementation scenarios are compared as a function of the available fronthaul resources by highlighting the relative merits of edge- and cloud-based sensing and communications. This study provides guidelines on the optimal functional allocation in fronthaul-constrained networks implementing integrated sensing and communications.","PeriodicalId":13421,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","volume":"74 6","pages":"9520-9532"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10854814/","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Perceptive mobile networks (PMNs) implement sensing and communication by reusing existing cellular infrastructure. Thanks to the cooperation among distributed access points, cell-free multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems support the deployment of multistatic radar sensing, while providing high spectral efficiency for data communication services. To this end, in a cell-free MIMO system, distributed access points (APs) communicate over fronthaul links with a central processing unit (CPU) in the cloud. This work proposes four different types of PMN uplink solutions based on cell-free MIMO systems, in which the sensing and decoding functionalities are carried out at either the cloud or the edge. Accordingly, we develop and compare joint cloud-based decoding and sensing (CDCS), hybrid cloud-based decoding and edge-based sensing (CDES), hybrid edge-based decoding and cloud-based sensing (EDCS) and edge-based decoding and sensing (EDES). In all cases, we target a unified design problem formulation for fronthaul quantization to maximize the achievable rate under sensing and fronthaul capacity constraints. Via numerical results, the four implementation scenarios are compared as a function of the available fronthaul resources by highlighting the relative merits of edge- and cloud-based sensing and communications. This study provides guidelines on the optimal functional allocation in fronthaul-constrained networks implementing integrated sensing and communications.
期刊介绍：
The scope of the Transactions is threefold (which was approved by the IEEE Periodicals Committee in 1967) and is published on the journal website as follows: Communications: The use of mobile radio on land, sea, and air, including cellular radio, two-way radio, and one-way radio, with applications to dispatch and control vehicles, mobile radiotelephone, radio paging, and status monitoring and reporting. Related areas include spectrum usage, component radio equipment such as cavities and antennas, compute control for radio systems, digital modulation and transmission techniques, mobile radio circuit design, radio propagation for vehicular communications, effects of ignition noise and radio frequency interference, and consideration of the vehicle as part of the radio operating environment. Transportation Systems: The use of electronic technology for the control of ground transportation systems including, but not limited to, traffic aid systems; traffic control systems; automatic vehicle identification, location, and monitoring systems; automated transport systems, with single and multiple vehicle control; and moving walkways or people-movers. Vehicular Electronics: The use of electronic or electrical components and systems for control, propulsion, or auxiliary functions, including but not limited to, electronic controls for engineer, drive train, convenience, safety, and other vehicle systems; sensors, actuators, and microprocessors for onboard use; electronic fuel control systems; vehicle electrical components and systems collision avoidance systems; electromagnetic compatibility in the vehicle environment; and electric vehicles and controls.
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