Potential toxic elements in breakfast cereals in the Kurdistan region, Iraq.

IF 2.5 3区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-27 DOI:10.1080/19393210.2025.2457608

Hiran Sarwar Karim, Hemn Sleman Ali, Dyar Hassan Hama Kawani

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Abstract

Potential toxic elements are substances that can accumulate in foodstuffs and pose risks to human health even at low levels, or when their levels exceed safety thresholds. A total of 78 breakfast cereals were purchased from the Kurdistan region, Iraq. Their PTE levels were analysed and associated health risks were calculated. The levels of As, Cd, Pb, Cu and Cr ranged from 0.055 ± 0.02-0.12 ± 0.05 mg/kg, 0.024 ± 0.009-0.08 ± 0.03 mg/kg, 0.015 ± 0.003-0.12 ± 0.06 mg/kg, 1.93 ± 0.5-3.9 ± 0.1 mg/kg and 0.36 ± 0.02-0.84 ± 0.1 mg/kg, respectively. The PTE levels were mostly below the Codex Alimentarius maximum limits, except in 11 samples, which exceeded the limits for As, Cd and Pb. Risk assessment data of HQ and HI (below 1) showed no non-carcinogenic health risks for both adults and children. However, due to the high levels of As, Cd and Pb in some samples, continuous monitoring is advisable to ensure the constant quality of these products.

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伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区早餐谷物中潜在的有毒元素。

潜在有毒元素是指即使含量很低或超过安全阈值也能在食品中积累并对人类健康构成风险的物质。共从伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区购买了78种早餐麦片。分析了他们的PTE水平，并计算了相关的健康风险。的水平,Cd、铅、铜和铬范围从0.055±0.02 - -0.12±0.05毫克/公斤,0.024±0.009 - -0.08±0.03毫克/公斤,0.015±0.003 - -0.12±0.06毫克/公斤,1.93±0.5 - -3.9±0.1毫克/公斤和0.36±0.02 - -0.84±0.1毫克/公斤,分别。除11份样品中砷、镉、铅超标外，其余样品均低于食品法典最高限量。HQ和HI的风险评估数据（下图1）显示成人和儿童均无非致癌性健康风险。然而，由于部分样品中砷、镉和铅含量较高，建议进行持续监测，以确保这些产品的质量稳定。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance 农林科学-毒理学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

10.30%

发文量

审稿时长

2.7 months

期刊介绍： Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B publishes surveillance data indicating the presence and levels of occurrence of designated food additives, residues and contaminants in foods, food supplements and animal feed. Data using validated methods must meet stipulated quality standards to be acceptable and must be presented in a prescribed format for subsequent data-handling. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B restricts its scope to include certain classes of food additives, residues and contaminants. This is based on a goal of covering those areas where there is a need to record surveillance data for the purposes of exposure and risk assessment. The scope is initially restricted to: Additives - food colours, artificial sweeteners, and preservatives; Residues – veterinary drug and pesticide residues; Contaminants – metals, mycotoxins, phycotoxins, plant toxins, nitrate/nitrite, PCDDs/PCFDs, PCBs, PAHs, acrylamide, 3-MPCD and contaminants derived from food packaging. Readership: The readership includes scientists involved in all aspects of food safety and quality and particularly those involved in monitoring human exposure to chemicals from the diet. Papers reporting surveillance data in areas other than the above should be submitted to Part A . The scope of Part B will be expanded from time-to-time to ensure inclusion of new areas of concern.