A comprehensive review: Evaluating emerging green leaching technologies for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries

IF 13.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Chemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI:10.1016/j.cej.2025.160006

Huiying Shi , Jianfei Zhang , Leming Ou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The market demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), driven by energy storage devices such as electric vehicles, has surged, intensifying environmental concerns over spent LIB accumulation and the depletion of non-renewable metal resources. This demand spurs technological advancements. However, traditional pyrometallurgical and acid-based hydrometallurgical methods have significant environmental drawbacks, underscoring the need for viable, green innovations in LIB recycling to ensure sustainable industry growth. Compared with pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy offers greater sustainability benefits. In this review, we introduce the concept of “Biomass-derived Reagents” applied to LIB recycling and systematically examine the latest feasible green leaching technologies, including deep eutectic solvent leaching, bioleaching, the development of biomass-derived reagents, and the application of supercritical fluids. Each technology is critically evaluated and its future potential is discussed. This work aims to offer a practical and effective reference for sustainable technological advancements in the LIB recycling sector, contributing valuable insights for both industry development and environmental protection.

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来源期刊

Chemical Engineering Journal 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

21.70

自引率

9.30%

发文量

6781

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Chemical Engineering Journal is an international research journal that invites contributions of original and novel fundamental research. It aims to provide an international platform for presenting original fundamental research, interpretative reviews, and discussions on new developments in chemical engineering. The journal welcomes papers that describe novel theory and its practical application, as well as those that demonstrate the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. It also welcomes reports on carefully conducted experimental work that is soundly interpreted. The main focus of the journal is on original and rigorous research results that have broad significance. The Catalysis section within the Chemical Engineering Journal focuses specifically on Experimental and Theoretical studies in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis, molecular catalysis, and biocatalysis. These studies have industrial impact on various sectors such as chemicals, energy, materials, foods, healthcare, and environmental protection.