Characteristics of the 2023-2024 Mycoplasma pneumoniae epidemic in adults, Southeast France

IF 1.5 Q4 INFECTIOUS DISEASES IJID regions Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI:10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100548

Anna Wolski , Sophie Edouard , Barbara Melo , Philippe Lavrard , Sébastien Cortaredona , Justine Punturo , Aurélia Bordais , Sami Hraiech , Florence Fenollar , Jean-Christophe Lagier , Nadim Cassir

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Abstract

Objectives

Analysis of current 2023-2024 Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) infection characteristics in adults.

Methods

A retrospective case series analysis was performed on Mp polymerase chain reaction-positive adult patients admitted to the University Hospital of Marseille from April 2017 to June 2024. Clinical presentations, treatments, and outcomes were assessed. We compared the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Mp infections between 2017 and 2022 with the current epidemic.

Results

Clinical and radiological characteristics and outcomes of patients with Mp infection did not differ significantly between the current epidemic (N = 108) and the 5 previous years (N = 94), except that patients in the current epidemic required less supplemental oxygen (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.48 [0.29-0.78]) and were less likely to present with fever on admission (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.22 [0.10-0.47]). In both periods, more than half of the patients hospitalized with Mp infection required supportive oxygen therapy.

Conclusions

During the current 2023-2024 epidemic, more hospital admissions for Mp infection in adults were observed at the University Hospital of Marseille than in the previous 5 years. The clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with Mp infection did not differ significantly. In our cohort, Mp infection was often severe, regardless of the study period.

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