Exploring the Fluorescence Bioactive Compounds in the Coelomic Fluid of Earthworms: Insights into Their Structural, Spectroscopic, and Functional Properties for Biomedical Applications.

Abstract

Coelomic fluid of earthworms is a valuable source of novel bioactive compounds with therapeutic applications. To gain insight into the bioactive compounds in the coelomic fluid, this study used Perionyx excavatus, a tropical earthworm distinguished for its remarkable ability for regeneration. This study aimed to identify fluorescent bioactive compounds in the coelomic fluid of P. excavatus and to investigate these compounds structural and functional characteristics for potential use in biomedical applications. Fluorescent bioactive compounds present in the coelomic fluid are identified using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), UV-visible spectrophotometry, and Spectrofluorometry techniques. Two unknown groups of fluorophore, named CFA and CFB, were analyzed by studying their emission spectra. In addition, GC-MS and LC-MS analyses provides detailed list of bioactive compound present in the coelomic fluid, in which indole and arachidonic acid shown maximum excitation and thus chosen for further studies. Their functional characterization reveals antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity and in-vitro wound healing assays, respectively. Notably, both of them exhibit significant efficacy against Aeromonas hydrophila, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. However, indole shows poor activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas arachidonic acid demonstrates effective activity. These findings imply that these bioactive fluorescent compounds may have significant therapeutic applications.