PLATZ transcription factors and their emerging roles in plant responses to environmental stresses

Abstract

Plant A/T-rich sequence- and zinc-binding (PLATZ) family proteins represent a novel class of plant-specific transcription factors that bind to A/T-rich sequences. Advances in high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses have facilitated the identification of numerous PLATZ proteins across various plant species. Over the last decade, accumulating evidence from omics analyses, genetics studies, and gain- and loss-of function investigations has indicated that PLATZ proteins play crucial roles in the complex regulatory networks governing plant development and adaptation to environmental stress. Recently, an excellent review has been published highlighting the roles of PLATZ proteins in controlling plant developmental processes. However, a comprehensive review specifically addressing the molecular mechanisms by which these proteins drive their functions in plant responses to environmental cues is currently lacking. In this review, we summarize the characteristics and identification of PLATZ proteins, emphasizing their significance in stress responses. We also highlight the crosstalk between PLATZ proteins and phytohormones. Furthermore, we discuss the downstream target genes, interacting partners, and upstream regulatory mechanisms associated with PLATZ proteins, providing a thorough understanding of their multifaceted roles in plants.