The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in managing depression among nurses: A systematic review

Abstract

Background

Depression rates among nurses are alarmingly high, largely attributed to their demanding workload and stressful work environment. This has fueled ongoing discussions about the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in managing depression in this population.

Objective

This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of CBT in reducing depression among nurses.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted across eight databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English between 2008 and 2022. The inclusion criteria were critically assessed by two independent reviewers, and the validity of the RCTs was evaluated using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines. Additionally, the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-2) method was employed by two authors to assess the potential for bias in the selected studies. The review adhered to the PRISMA reporting guidelines.

Results

Eight RCTs relevant to the research question were identified. Among these, five trials demonstrated that CBT effectively reduces depression among nurses. However, methodological inconsistencies, small sample sizes, and variations in intervention characteristics were noted across studies.

Conclusions

Existing evidence supports the effectiveness of CBT in managing depression among nurses. Nevertheless, limitations such as methodological biases and heterogeneity underscore the need for more robust and well-designed RCTs to confirm these findings.

Study Registration: PROSPERO Protocol ID: CRD42023449904.