Sp1-hybridized linear and cyclic carbon chain

Abstract

Carbon materials have long been a subject of study, offering diverse properties based on their hybridized structures. Except sp²-hybridized graphene and carbon nanotubes, the focus on sp¹-hybridized carbon chains has garnered significant interest due to its unique predicted properties, despite limitations in research and development stemming from its high reactivity. This comprehensive review summaries recent advancements in synthetic methodologies and characterization of the sp¹-hybridized carbon chains, encompassing linear carbon chains and cyclo[n]carbons. The review traces significant milestones in synthesis and offers a thorough overview of various properties on linear and cyclic carbon chains, from their initial discovery to recent development. The advancing synthetic methods have led to practical breakthroughs, transitioning theoretical concepts into tangible carbon-chain materials. However, challenges persist in achieving controlled and scalable preparation due to the high reactivity associated with sp¹-hybridization. Future research prospects focus on fundamental studies, such as exploring the transition length from polyyne to carbyne and experimentally determining the properties of single carbon chains. This review underscores both the progress made and the compelling avenues for future exploration in the dynamic field of sp¹-hybridized carbon chains.