Cancer persists as a major global health challenge, marked by high recurrence rates in aggressive malignancies such as melanoma. While immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach, its clinical benefits are often limited by tumor immune escape mechanisms and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). These hurdles have driven the exploration of integrated approaches, with photothermal-immunotherapy gaining significant traction. In this study, we developed a multifunctional nanoadjuvant (MICN@PI) engineered with an acid-responsive calcium carbonate core, a hypoxia-alleviating MnO2 component, a polydopamine shell for photothermal ablation, and co-loaded immunomodulators (imiquimod and indoximod). The MnO2 in the nanoadjuvant catalytically converted the overexpressed H2O2 in the TME into O2. Concurrently, the combined action of imiquimod and indoximod orchestrated a potent adaptive immune response. Upon near-infrared laser irradiation, MICN@PI achieved significant tumor ablation, inhibited recurrence, and prolonged survival in a murine melanoma model, offering a safe and effective synergistic photothermal-immunotherapy strategy for cancer treatment.
{"title":"Multifunctional nanoadjuvants-aided synergistic photothermal-immunotherapy of tumor","authors":"Kaiyue Yang , Yifan Zhang , Shamei Luo, Chenxi Yu, Lin Chen, Qingyu Yu, Chenlu Huang, Guilei Ma, Linhua Zhang, Dunwan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer persists as a major global health challenge, marked by high recurrence rates in aggressive malignancies such as melanoma. While immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach, its clinical benefits are often limited by tumor immune escape mechanisms and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). These hurdles have driven the exploration of integrated approaches, with photothermal-immunotherapy gaining significant traction. In this study, we developed a multifunctional nanoadjuvant (MICN@PI) engineered with an acid-responsive calcium carbonate core, a hypoxia-alleviating MnO<sub>2</sub> component, a polydopamine shell for photothermal ablation, and co-loaded immunomodulators (imiquimod and indoximod). The MnO<sub>2</sub> in the nanoadjuvant catalytically converted the overexpressed H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in the TME into O<sub>2</sub>. Concurrently, the combined action of imiquimod and indoximod orchestrated a potent adaptive immune response. Upon near-infrared laser irradiation, MICN@PI achieved significant tumor ablation, inhibited recurrence, and prolonged survival in a murine melanoma model, offering a safe and effective synergistic photothermal-immunotherapy strategy for cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10088,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Chemical Letters","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 112324"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145975190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112242
Lan Ding , Kezhen Qi , Zimo Huang , Ying Yu , Ze Yang , Sepehr Tabibi , Alireza Khataee , Lei Hao , Qitao Zhang , Vadim Popkov , Maria Kaneva , Artem Lobinsky , Zhipeng Yu , Jun Li , Amir Sultan , Kun Zheng , Gan Qu , Dandan Ma , Jian-Wen Shi , Ahmed Ismail
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have rapidly emerged as transformative platforms for energy storage and conversion, owing to their atomic-scale thickness, tunable electronic structures, and versatile chemical functionalities. Over the past five years, remarkable advances in material synthesis, interface engineering, and device integration have unlocked new opportunities, yet challenges in stability, scalability, and performance optimization remain. In this roadmap, we provide an updated perspective toward 2030, systematically reviewing eleven representative 2D material classes, which can be broadly grouped into carbon-based materials, inorganic semiconductors, framework materials, and layered nanosheet systems. Their opportunities and challenges in electrochemical energy storage, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis are highlighted. We believe this roadmap can enrich the development of 2D materials for sustainable energy technologies, and provide useful guidance for both fundamental studies and practical applications in the coming decade.
{"title":"2030 roadmap on two-dimensional materials for energy storage and conversion","authors":"Lan Ding , Kezhen Qi , Zimo Huang , Ying Yu , Ze Yang , Sepehr Tabibi , Alireza Khataee , Lei Hao , Qitao Zhang , Vadim Popkov , Maria Kaneva , Artem Lobinsky , Zhipeng Yu , Jun Li , Amir Sultan , Kun Zheng , Gan Qu , Dandan Ma , Jian-Wen Shi , Ahmed Ismail","doi":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two-dimensional (2D) materials have rapidly emerged as transformative platforms for energy storage and conversion, owing to their atomic-scale thickness, tunable electronic structures, and versatile chemical functionalities. Over the past five years, remarkable advances in material synthesis, interface engineering, and device integration have unlocked new opportunities, yet challenges in stability, scalability, and performance optimization remain. In this roadmap, we provide an updated perspective toward 2030, systematically reviewing eleven representative 2D material classes, which can be broadly grouped into carbon-based materials, inorganic semiconductors, framework materials, and layered nanosheet systems. Their opportunities and challenges in electrochemical energy storage, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis are highlighted. We believe this roadmap can enrich the development of 2D materials for sustainable energy technologies, and provide useful guidance for both fundamental studies and practical applications in the coming decade.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10088,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Chemical Letters","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 112242"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145788331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112243
Xiao-Hong Yi , Hong-Yu Chu , Chao-Yang Wang , Hang Ren , Li-hong Zhou , Yujie Zhao , Fu-Xue Wang , Hao Du , Yixuan Zhai , Tao Xia , Shaohua Guo , Xiaoning Wang , Yunlong Wang , Qian Wen , Ge Shen , Meng Yang , Yu-Hang Li , Mingjia Xu , Xiaoyuan Zhang , Hao Wang , Chong-Chen Wang
This review comprehensively summarizes the latest advancements in the synthesis and multifaceted applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for clean water. It systematically explores scalable synthesis methods, from solvothermal to green mechanochemical routes, and highlights the innovative transformation of waste into high-value MOFs. The article delves into the diverse functionalities of MOFs in water remediation, including the adsorptive and catalytic removal of heavy metals, organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals, PFASs, and micro/nano-plastics. Applications in sensing, radionuclide separation, oil-water separation, and advanced membrane technologies are also detailed. Furthermore, emerging roles in water capture, algal inhibition and resource recovery are discussed. Finally, the review provides a critical perspective on future challenges and opportunities, emphasizing sustainable synthesis, life-cycle assessment, and the integration of AI for the intelligent design of next-generation MOFs, paving the way for their transition from laboratory research to real-world water treatment solutions.
{"title":"Metal-organic frameworks for clean water","authors":"Xiao-Hong Yi , Hong-Yu Chu , Chao-Yang Wang , Hang Ren , Li-hong Zhou , Yujie Zhao , Fu-Xue Wang , Hao Du , Yixuan Zhai , Tao Xia , Shaohua Guo , Xiaoning Wang , Yunlong Wang , Qian Wen , Ge Shen , Meng Yang , Yu-Hang Li , Mingjia Xu , Xiaoyuan Zhang , Hao Wang , Chong-Chen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review comprehensively summarizes the latest advancements in the synthesis and multifaceted applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for clean water. It systematically explores scalable synthesis methods, from solvothermal to green mechanochemical routes, and highlights the innovative transformation of waste into high-value MOFs. The article delves into the diverse functionalities of MOFs in water remediation, including the adsorptive and catalytic removal of heavy metals, organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals, PFASs, and micro/nano-plastics. Applications in sensing, radionuclide separation, oil-water separation, and advanced membrane technologies are also detailed. Furthermore, emerging roles in water capture, algal inhibition and resource recovery are discussed. Finally, the review provides a critical perspective on future challenges and opportunities, emphasizing sustainable synthesis, life-cycle assessment, and the integration of AI for the intelligent design of next-generation MOFs, paving the way for their transition from laboratory research to real-world water treatment solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10088,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Chemical Letters","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 112243"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-06DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112220
Yunfei Fu , Hui Li , Chengfei Liu, Wei Tian
Inspired by the natural synthesis of biomolecules, the artificial production of therapeutic agents within cells has emerged as a powerful and versatile approach for disease treatment. Performing artificial chemical reactions within living cells to achieve various physiological goals remains both an intriguing and highly challenging endeavor. This review summarizes recent advancements and future trends in the field of chemical reactions inside living cells, organized by different reaction mechanisms. We also provide an in-depth discussion of their chemical designs, reaction mechanisms, and functional applications. Furthermore, we explore the underlying chemical principles of these reactions and discuss strategies for these materials to enhance their therapeutic efficacy. As researchers continue to expand the repertoire of intracellular synthesis techniques, it is anticipated that these advancements will provide valuable tools for probing biological systems and developing innovative therapeutic strategies.
{"title":"Chemical reactions in living cells for enhanced biological treatment","authors":"Yunfei Fu , Hui Li , Chengfei Liu, Wei Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inspired by the natural synthesis of biomolecules, the artificial production of therapeutic agents within cells has emerged as a powerful and versatile approach for disease treatment. Performing artificial chemical reactions within living cells to achieve various physiological goals remains both an intriguing and highly challenging endeavor. This review summarizes recent advancements and future trends in the field of chemical reactions inside living cells, organized by different reaction mechanisms. We also provide an in-depth discussion of their chemical designs, reaction mechanisms, and functional applications. Furthermore, we explore the underlying chemical principles of these reactions and discuss strategies for these materials to enhance their therapeutic efficacy. As researchers continue to expand the repertoire of intracellular synthesis techniques, it is anticipated that these advancements will provide valuable tools for probing biological systems and developing innovative therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10088,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Chemical Letters","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 112220"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112179
Chuncheng Xu , Suqin Han , Kaiyang Zhang , Qiuling Feng , Lan Bao , Mingming Gao , Wen-Yan Gao , Yen Leng Pak , Hongyu Mou , Liwei Chen , Xing Gao , Yuchen Hao
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2RR) into formate and related products is a crucial strategy for sustainable carbon utilization, yet the development of catalysts with both high efficiency and durability remains a central challenge. Among available candidates, two-dimensional (2D) bismuth (Bi) nanosheets stand out because of their earth abundance, low toxicity, and unique ability to stabilize *OCHO intermediates. In this review, we systematically summarize recent advances in the controlled synthesis of 2D Bi nanosheets, covering bottom-up chemical and electrochemical routes, top-down exfoliation, and physical/thermal methods, and highlight the application strategies that enable performance optimization, including defect/strain engineering, heteroatom doping, interface construction, heterostructure coupling, in situ reconstruction, and microenvironment regulation. We further integrate mechanistic insights from in situ/operando characterizations and density functional theory, which clarify the real active sites, dynamic reconstruction, and structure–activity relationships. Finally, we provide a forward-looking perspective on atomic-level structural control, understanding and regulating reconstruction, multi-scale architecture integration, expanding product selectivity beyond formate, device-level optimization, and data-driven catalyst discovery. By bridging synthesis, application strategies, and mechanistic understanding, this timely review establishes a comprehensive framework to guide the rational design of 2D Bi nanosheets and accelerate their translation toward industrially relevant CO2 electroreduction.
{"title":"Structure–function correlation and design principles of two-dimensional bismuth nanosheets for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction","authors":"Chuncheng Xu , Suqin Han , Kaiyang Zhang , Qiuling Feng , Lan Bao , Mingming Gao , Wen-Yan Gao , Yen Leng Pak , Hongyu Mou , Liwei Chen , Xing Gao , Yuchen Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>RR) into formate and related products is a crucial strategy for sustainable carbon utilization, yet the development of catalysts with both high efficiency and durability remains a central challenge. Among available candidates, two-dimensional (2D) bismuth (Bi) nanosheets stand out because of their earth abundance, low toxicity, and unique ability to stabilize *OCHO intermediates. In this review, we systematically summarize recent advances in the controlled synthesis of 2D Bi nanosheets, covering bottom-up chemical and electrochemical routes, top-down exfoliation, and physical/thermal methods, and highlight the application strategies that enable performance optimization, including defect/strain engineering, heteroatom doping, interface construction, heterostructure coupling, <em>in situ</em> reconstruction, and microenvironment regulation. We further integrate mechanistic insights from <em>in situ/operando</em> characterizations and density functional theory, which clarify the real active sites, dynamic reconstruction, and structure–activity relationships. Finally, we provide a forward-looking perspective on atomic-level structural control, understanding and regulating reconstruction, multi-scale architecture integration, expanding product selectivity beyond formate, device-level optimization, and data-driven catalyst discovery. By bridging synthesis, application strategies, and mechanistic understanding, this timely review establishes a comprehensive framework to guide the rational design of 2D Bi nanosheets and accelerate their translation toward industrially relevant CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10088,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Chemical Letters","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 112179"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145788328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112181
Kezhen Qi , Lan Ding , Pitcheri Rosaiah , Zhipeng Yu , Sofia Tikhanova , Vadim Popkov , Ahmed Ismail , Hui Dou , Derong Luo , Feng Liu , Yixue Xu , Shun-Qi Xu , Chunyang Dong , Ramin Hassandoost , Alireza Khataee , Ruiyang Zhang , Ying Zhou , Zijun Huang , Yongming Luo , Dedong He , Aurelio Bifulco
Porous materials, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), aerogels, and porous metal oxides, have been extensively explored as versatile platforms for energy conversion, storage, and environmental applications. Over the past five years, remarkable advances have been achieved in the design, synthesis, and functional optimization of these materials, opening new opportunities for practical implementation. In this roadmap, we focus on several key subtopics, including MOFs and COFs for supercapacitors and batteries, electrocatalysis and photocatalysis, heterojunction materials for charge separation, advanced electrocatalysts and photocatalysts based on aerogels, carbon aerogels for environmental remediation, and porous metal oxide nanomaterials for electrocatalysis. The current status, challenges, and opportunities in these areas are systematically summarized. Special attention is given to mechanistic insights, stability enhancement, conductivity improvement, and scalable fabrication strategies that are essential for bridging fundamental research and real-world applications. We believe this roadmap will provide valuable suggestions and updated knowledge for researchers, and offer useful inspiration to accelerate the development of porous materials for sustainable energy and environmental technologies toward 2030.
{"title":"2030 roadmap on porous materials for energy and environmental applications","authors":"Kezhen Qi , Lan Ding , Pitcheri Rosaiah , Zhipeng Yu , Sofia Tikhanova , Vadim Popkov , Ahmed Ismail , Hui Dou , Derong Luo , Feng Liu , Yixue Xu , Shun-Qi Xu , Chunyang Dong , Ramin Hassandoost , Alireza Khataee , Ruiyang Zhang , Ying Zhou , Zijun Huang , Yongming Luo , Dedong He , Aurelio Bifulco","doi":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porous materials, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), aerogels, and porous metal oxides, have been extensively explored as versatile platforms for energy conversion, storage, and environmental applications. Over the past five years, remarkable advances have been achieved in the design, synthesis, and functional optimization of these materials, opening new opportunities for practical implementation. In this roadmap, we focus on several key subtopics, including MOFs and COFs for supercapacitors and batteries, electrocatalysis and photocatalysis, heterojunction materials for charge separation, advanced electrocatalysts and photocatalysts based on aerogels, carbon aerogels for environmental remediation, and porous metal oxide nanomaterials for electrocatalysis. The current status, challenges, and opportunities in these areas are systematically summarized. Special attention is given to mechanistic insights, stability enhancement, conductivity improvement, and scalable fabrication strategies that are essential for bridging fundamental research and real-world applications. We believe this roadmap will provide valuable suggestions and updated knowledge for researchers, and offer useful inspiration to accelerate the development of porous materials for sustainable energy and environmental technologies toward 2030.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10088,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Chemical Letters","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 112181"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145788327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112163
Rong-Nan Yi , Jun Jiang , Wei-Min He
{"title":"Pd/NHCcatalyzed ring-opening cross-coupling of gem‑difluorocyclopropanes via a 3,3′-reductive elimination pathway","authors":"Rong-Nan Yi , Jun Jiang , Wei-Min He","doi":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112163","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10088,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Chemical Letters","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 112163"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112132
Xiao-Hua Chen , Yifan Fan , Zitong Wu , Tao Tu
{"title":"Non-canonical bio-inspired iron catalysis for aliphatic C–H functionalization","authors":"Xiao-Hua Chen , Yifan Fan , Zitong Wu , Tao Tu","doi":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10088,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Chemical Letters","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 112132"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145735142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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