A novel comprehensive spatial accessibility indicator to capture the latent nature of accessibility in logistic warehouses

Abstract

The strategic positioning of warehouses is fundamental for mitigating urban freight transport challenges and advancing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), influencing both the volume and efficiency of freight movements. This study explores the relationship between spatial accessibility and warehouse location decisions, emphasising the integration of accessibility metrics in urban planning. By applying Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), we developed a comprehensive accessibility indicator that incorporates transportation infrastructure, land use patterns, temporal constraints, and individual stakeholder needs. Using Fortaleza, Brazil, as a case study, we assessed the spatial distribution of this indicator and its correlation with the density of large warehouses established. Our findings indicate a significant spatial relationship between high accessibility zones and warehouse locations, highlighting the indicator's effectiveness in guiding logistical operations and urban policy. The research underscores the importance of accessibility in fostering sustainable and equitable urban development, offering valuable insights for both public authorities and private logistics sectors in optimizing urban freight distribution.