A review on alternative fuels: Spray characteristics, engine performance and emissions effect

IF 3.3 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Sustainable Futures Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI:10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100456

Muhammed Hafis , K. Balaji , N. Tamilarasan , D. Senthilkumar , R. Sakthivel

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Abstract

The reduction of carbon footprint, global warming, and controlling of climate change are the major environmental challenges today. A significant portion of these issues stems from the transportation sector. Researchers worldwide are actively exploring strategies to address these concerns and promote a sustainable ecosystem for the future. This review article provides a detailed analysis of the physical and chemical properties of alternative fuels, fuel spray quality, combustion dynamics, engine performance, and emission characteristics. With a focus on fostering a sustainable and eco-friendly energy future, the study highlights the potential of alternative fuels to reduce emissions while enhancing engine efficiency. Findings reveal that biofuels can lower particulate matter (PM) emissions by 20–30 % compared to conventional gasoline, while synthetic fuels reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions by 15–25 %. Furthermore, gaseous fuels such as natural gas show an 18–22 % improvement in power output and a 10–15 % reduction in fuel consumption due to their superior combustion efficiency.

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来源期刊

Sustainable Futures Social Sciences-Sociology and Political Science

CiteScore

9.30

自引率

1.80%

发文量

审稿时长

71 days

期刊介绍： Sustainable Futures: is a journal focused on the intersection of sustainability, environment and technology from various disciplines in social sciences, and their larger implications for corporation, government, education institutions, regions and society both at present and in the future. It provides an advanced platform for studies related to sustainability and sustainable development in society, economics, environment, and culture. The scope of the journal is broad and encourages interdisciplinary research, as well as welcoming theoretical and practical research from all methodological approaches.