Numerical optimization and performance evaluation of Pr3+/Yb3+ doped all-fiber up-conversion visible fiber laser

Abstract

The compact fiber lasers emitting in the visible portion of the spectrum with moderate and high output powers are captivating because of their diverse scientific, medical, and industrial applications. In this work, we present a theoretical study on increasing the output power of an all-fiber visible ring cavity fiber laser using rate and propagation equations. The effects of pumping power, active fiber length, and reflectivity of the output coupler on the output power, slope efficiency, and threshold have been investigated to optimize the performance of up-conversion visible fiber lasers with ring cavity configuration for the first time. In this study, the proposed visible laser is directly generated by an up-conversion gain of Pr³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped ZBLAN fibers pumped with 850 laser diode (LD) nm. The MATLAB simulation results show that the proposed visible fiber laser exhibits a maximum output power of 56.5 mW with a slope efficiency of 23.12 %, linear fit R² = 99 % and minimum threshold pump power of 106.9 mW at optimum active fiber length (Pr³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped ZBLAN) of 2.5 m, and the output coupler reflectivity of 10 % respectively. Simulation results present useful guidelines for enhancing the visible fiber laser performance by properly selecting the active fiber length and the reflectivity of the output coupler.