Exploring genetic diversity in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) populations using SSR markers

Abstract

The genetic diversity of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) germplasm in mid-hills of Himachal Pradesh was investigated using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers. Apricot, a fruit-bearing tree known for its high nutritional value, requires genetic diversity analysis for effective breeding and conservation efforts. Molecular characterization using 46 SSR markers produced a total of 974 alleles with an average of 33.59 alleles per locus and PIC values ranging from 0.16 to 0.50, indicating a high level of polymorphism. PCR products of 15 indigenous collections and ‘Shakarpara’ revealed unique bands that were sequenced and subjected to BLAST, showing a high degree of homology with Prunus dulcis. A high quality reference genome for apricot is still unavailable, thereby limiting the elucidation of phenotypic associations with genetic background. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the genetic diversity of apricot germplasm, crucial for sustainable breeding strategies, and need for integrating advanced genomic tools to further elucidate the genetic architecture of apricot.