Numerical simulation study of proppant transport within fractures under the influence of interlayers and weak planes

Abstract

A sophisticated three-dimensional multi-cluster fracturing model is developed using a block-based discrete element method, incorporating the spatial distribution of interlayers and weak planes. This innovative model establishes uniform metrics for evaluating the propagation of fracturing fissures in multi-cluster formations and the efficacy of proppant deployment. The model facilitates an in-depth investigation into the dynamics of proppant transport within fractures, which are influenced by the presence of interlayers and weak planes. Key findings from the analysis include a negative correlation between fracturing fluid viscosity and the extent of total fissure and proppant placement areas. Larger proppant particle sizes are associated with reduced proppant placement areas, diminished placement efficiency, and heightened settling phenomena. An approach involving stepwise proppant injection enhances structural support proximal to the wellbore, leading to expanded total fissure areas, improved proppant placement, and enhanced efficiency, thereby contributing to more effective reservoir modification. Additionally, the model identifies that the presence of interlayers and the intersections between hydraulic fractures and weak planes tend to result in narrower fracturing fissures, increasing their vulnerability to proppant blockages.