Forearm arteriovenous malformation: A rare vascular puzzle

Abstract

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are characterized by flat epithelial lining and have an estimated prevalence of 4.5% in the general population. They are typically present at birth and tend to enlarge in proportion to the child's growth. Nevertheless, swift growth may happen as a result of factors like infection, hormonal changes, or trauma. The upper limb is the second most common site for these malformations, following the head and neck. Imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosing and planning treatment for AVMs. We report the case of a 36-year-old male with no significant medical history, who presented with worsening pain in the left forearm, which had been tolerable since childhood. The patient underwent an ultrasound (US) with Doppler study and MRI, revealing findings consistent with a low-flow soft tissue arteriovenous malformation.