Investigation on aerosol removal by spray droplets under severe accident conditions

IF 3.2 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Progress in Nuclear Energy Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI:10.1016/j.pnucene.2024.105549

Peizheng Hu, Lili Tong, Xuewu Cao

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Abstract

The aerosol suspended in containment can be removed by the spray system, mitigating the potential risk of radioactive release during severe accidents. To analyze aerosol removal efficiency due to mechanical and phoretic effects of spray droplets, experiments were conducted under various thermal-hydraulic conditions at the Containment Aerosol and Thermal-Hydraulics (CATH) facility. Initial thermal-hydraulic conditions involved either pure air or gas mixture, with a pressure of 5 bar(a), steam fractions of 40%vol and 70%vol, and a temperature range of 20 °C–145 °C, simulating the severe accident conditions. The sprays were produced by a hollow cone nozzle with a volume mean diameter (VMD) of 370 μm at a constant spray flow rate. Results indicate that the removal efficiencies of mechanical effects, thermophoresis, and diffusiophoresis are comparable at a steam fraction of 40%vol, while diffusiophoretic effects increase to three times when steam fraction reaches 70%vol. Additionally, the evaluations of the present aerosol removal models show significant deviations from experiments, with inertial impaction is highly sensitive to increases in particle size, while the phoretic mechanism underestimates the effect of steam condensation.

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严重事故条件下喷雾液滴去除气溶胶的研究

悬浮在安全壳中的气溶胶可以被喷雾系统除去，在严重事故期间减轻放射性释放的潜在风险。为了分析由于喷雾液滴的力学和电泳效应而产生的气溶胶去除效率，在密闭气溶胶和热工水力学（CATH）设施中进行了各种热工条件下的实验。初始热工-水力工况包括纯空气或混合气体，压力为5bar (a)，蒸汽分数为40%vol和70%vol，温度范围为20°C - 145°C，模拟严重事故工况。采用体积平均直径（VMD）为370 μm的空心锥形喷嘴，在恒定喷雾流量下产生喷雾。结果表明，当蒸汽分数为40%vol时，机械效应、热电泳和扩散电泳的去除率相当，而当蒸汽分数为70%vol时，扩散电泳的去除率提高至3倍。此外，现有气溶胶去除模型的评估结果与实验结果存在较大偏差，惯性冲击对颗粒尺寸的增加高度敏感，而电泳机制低估了蒸汽冷凝的影响。

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来源期刊

Progress in Nuclear Energy 工程技术-核科学技术

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

14.80%

发文量

331

审稿时长

3.5 months

期刊介绍： Progress in Nuclear Energy is an international review journal covering all aspects of nuclear science and engineering. In keeping with the maturity of nuclear power, articles on safety, siting and environmental problems are encouraged, as are those associated with economics and fuel management. However, basic physics and engineering will remain an important aspect of the editorial policy. Articles published are either of a review nature or present new material in more depth. They are aimed at researchers and technically-oriented managers working in the nuclear energy field. Please note the following: 1) PNE seeks high quality research papers which are medium to long in length. Short research papers should be submitted to the journal Annals in Nuclear Energy. 2) PNE reserves the right to reject papers which are based solely on routine application of computer codes used to produce reactor designs or explain existing reactor phenomena. Such papers, although worthy, are best left as laboratory reports whereas Progress in Nuclear Energy seeks papers of originality, which are archival in nature, in the fields of mathematical and experimental nuclear technology, including fission, fusion (blanket physics, radiation damage), safety, materials aspects, economics, etc. 3) Review papers, which may occasionally be invited, are particularly sought by the journal in these fields.