Disseminated coccidioidomycosis following travel to an endemic region and COVID-19 infection: Case report and case-based literature review

Abstract

Coccidioidomycosis, also known as valley fever, is a fungal infection caused by inhalation of soilborne spores. It primarily affects the respiratory system and presents with symptoms ranging from mild flu-like illness to severe pneumonia. Here we report a case of a 68-year-old male with fevers, worsening fatigue, and rash following a recent COVID-19 diagnosis. The patient had traveled to Florida, Arizona, Mexico, and Nevada within a month prior to symptom onset. Imaging revealed a lung nodule with associated mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Biopsy confirmed disseminated coccidioidomycosis. This case emphasizes the necessity of including coccidioidomycosis in the differential diagnosis for patients with respiratory symptoms and rashes, particularly those with recent travel to endemic regions. Heightened clinical awareness and prompt diagnostic evaluation are crucial for timely management.