Medical Reports最新文献

{"title":"Disseminated histoplasmosis and resistant tuberculosis in a patient with AIDS: A case report","authors":"Luis E.B. Galan ,&nbsp;Dandara M. Honorato ,&nbsp;Stephanye B. Andrade ,&nbsp;Manoel M.S. Neto ,&nbsp;Artur D.P. Paiva ,&nbsp;Eloise T.M. Filardi ,&nbsp;Marcela Romanazzi ,&nbsp;Domingos S.M. Dantas ,&nbsp;Roberto C. Carbonell ,&nbsp;Felipe A. Cerni ,&nbsp;Manuela B. Pucca","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Histoplasmosis is a systemic mycosis with a wide global distribution, being more prevalent and endemic in the American Continent. Its progressive disseminated form primarily affects immunosuppressed individuals and plays a significant role as an AIDS-defining illness. The challenging aspect of differential diagnosis with tuberculosis lies in the clinical, radiological, and laboratory similarities between these two conditions, making the spectrum of co-infection even more complex. In this clinical study, we present the case of a 22-year-old Venezuelan patient with no prior comorbidities who was admitted with symptoms of diarrhea, fever, weight loss, and persistent cough over a 30-day period. Initially, he was diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and subsequently with pulmonary tuberculosis. However, due to the persistence of symptoms, the delayed diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) was also established through blood culture. Additionally, the patient exhibited resistance to rifampicin, a condition not previously documented in the literature. After treatment with amphotericin B, adjustment of the tuberculosis therapy, and initiation of antiretroviral therapy, the patient experienced a significant clinical improvement and currently remains asymptomatic. This case underscores the importance of raising clinical suspicion for disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) in HIV-infected patients and implementing enhanced diagnostic strategies, especially in regions with limited access to healthcare services and complementary examinations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute severe methemoglobinemia caused by accidental liquid shoe shiner ingestion: A case report and review of literature","authors":"Muhammad Fawad Ashraf ,&nbsp;Hafsa Fayyaz ,&nbsp;Safi Ur Rehman Daim ,&nbsp;Bushra Khalid ,&nbsp;Maham Ashraf ,&nbsp;Muhammad Aizaz Ashraf","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrobenzene, an aromatic compound is responsible for a lethal condition called methemoglobinemia. Nitrobenzene toxicity results from inhalation, ingestion, and skin contamination. It oxidizes Fe in the Hb and converts it into methemoglobin. The normal level of MetHb in the blood is 1 % and is maintained by RBCs. Greater production of MetHb than what can be maintained by RBCs results in Methemoglobinemia rendering Hb unable to deliver oxygen to tissues. Our report portrays the case of a 25-year-old male who ingested an unknown substance and presented with cyanosis and vomiting, having a bitter almond odor. Blood drawn for labs revealed chocolate color, a classic representation of methemoglobinemia. Treatment includes oxygen therapy, gastric lavage, IV methylene blue and if it's not available, an exchange transfusion can be done. Early identification of the condition is crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality. Businesses dealing with such toxic chemicals should be asked to maintain regular exposure checkups and plans available for ready access to medical management in case of emergency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutibacterium acnes Brodie's abscess of the proximal tibia: A case report","authors":"Zeina Morcos ,&nbsp;Chloe Lahoud ,&nbsp;Salman Khan ,&nbsp;Gabrielle Dabrowski ,&nbsp;Allison Glaser","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Brodie’s abscess, a subacute osteomyelitis, is characterized by a well-demarcated collection of purulence within the bone. It presents with nonspecific signs and symptoms. Diagnosing Brodie's abscess typically involves MRI, which is superior to conventional X-rays. It can be mistaken for osteoid osteoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, chondrosarcoma, eosinophilic granuloma, or tuberculosis. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common organism involved.</div></div><div><h3>Case Presentation</h3><div>We present a unique case of Brodie’s abscess within the proximal tibia secondary to Cutibacterium acnes, an unusual pathogen in Brodie’s Abscess, in a setting of previous right tibial shaft fracture with external fixation complicated by pin-site tract infection after many years.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Traditionally viewed as a nonpathogenic contaminant due to its association with normal skin flora, C. acnes is often underdiagnosed and underreported in other infections due to inadequate culture media and subtle clinical symptoms. Treatment of Brodie’s abscess generally involves surgical debridement followed by antibiotics, though the optimal antibiotic regimen is unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Further research is needed regarding atypical presentations of C. acnes such as our case.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare cause of benign parotid tumor: Parotid oncocytoma in a young patient","authors":"Jihene Houas ,&nbsp;Monia Ghammam ,&nbsp;Imène boukattaya ,&nbsp;Badreddine Sriha ,&nbsp;Wassim Kermani ,&nbsp;Mohamed Abdelkefi","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Parotid oncocytomas are rare benign tumors, comprising 0.1–1.5 % of salivary gland neoplasms, predominantly occurring in the parotid gland. They present diagnostic challenges due to their non-specific clinical features, such as painless swelling.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>A 20-year-old female presented with a 2-year history of progressive left facial swelling. Physical examination revealed a 2.5 cm, soft, non-pulsatile mass in the left parotid region. Imaging (ultrasound and MRI) showed a lobulated, highly vascular mass with solid and cystic components. Surgical excision via superficial parotidectomy was performed, revealing a well-defined oncocytic tumor with eosinophilic cytoplasm. Histology confirmed the diagnosis. The patient remains disease-free after 10 years of follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Parotid oncocytoma is a rare benign tumor that can be challenging to diagnose. MRI and histology are crucial for accurate diagnosis. Complete excision is the treatment of choice, with long-term follow-up recommended due to the potential for recurrence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated tubal ischemia due to combined torsion and small bowel volvulus: A rare case report","authors":"Oussama lamzouri ,&nbsp;R. Rhazi ,&nbsp;Bellejdel Ibtissam ,&nbsp;Hafsa Taheri ,&nbsp;Hanane Saadi ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mimouni","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Isolated fallopian tube ischemia is an extremely rare condition, particularly as a consequence of small bowel volvulus. While small bowel volvulus is a well-recognized surgical emergency, its association with secondary gynecological complications remains underreported. We describe an unprecedented case in which postoperative adhesions led to intestinal obstruction and subsequent compression-induced torsion of the fallopian tube, culminating in ischemia and necrosis. A 30-year-old woman, two months post-appendectomy, presented with acute hypogastric pain and vomiting. Abdominopelvic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a small bowel volvulus with a whirlpool sign, indicative of intestinal torsion. Emergency laparoscopy identified extensive postoperative adhesions causing small bowel obstruction. The mechanical traction exerted by the volvulized bowel led to the torsion and subsequent ischemia of the right fallopian tube. Intraoperative findings included an infarcted, twisted right fallopian tube with a preserved ovary. Surgical intervention involved adhesiolysis, right salpingectomy, and small bowel resection with primary ileal anastomosis. The postoperative course was uneventful, with full recovery at one month. Small bowel volvulus primarily results from congenital or acquired anatomical anomalies, including postoperative adhesions. The pathophysiological mechanism in this case involved secondary bowel volvulus exerting compressive forces on adjacent structures, precipitating fallopian tube torsion. The resultant vascular compromise led to ischemic necrosis, necessitating irreversible tubal resection. While ovarian torsion is a well-characterized entity, isolated tubal torsion remains a diagnostic challenge, particularly in the context of intestinal obstruction. This case highlights the critical interplay between post-surgical adhesions, bowel obstruction, and gynecological ischemic complications. Early surgical intervention is paramount in cases of suspected small bowel volvulus, particularly in post-surgical patients, to mitigate the risk of ischemic complications involving adjacent pelvic structures. This case underscores the need for heightened clinical awareness of fallopian tube torsion as a potential consequence of severe adhesive disease and bowel obstruction. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to ensure prompt diagnosis and optimize surgical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare twist: Malignant transformation of epidermal cysts in the submandibular gland- A case report and literature review","authors":"Anshul Rai ,&nbsp;Jubin Thacker ,&nbsp;Zenish Bhatti ,&nbsp;Jitendra Kumar ,&nbsp;Palak Arora","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epidermal inclusion cysts are generally benign lesions, but their potential for malignant transformation is rare. This case report describes two instances of malignant transformation of epidermal cysts in the submandibular gland to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Although clinical presentation, cytology, and imaging initially suggested benign epidermal cysts, definitive histopathological examination identified SCC. Complete excision of the cysts was performed, and the patients were subsequently referred to the oncology department for further management. This report emphasizes the rarity of such transformations, with only one prior case documented, and highlights the diagnostic and surgical challenges encountered in these complex scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium channel blocker and angiotensin receptor blocker toxicity: A case report","authors":"Chloe Lahoud ,&nbsp;Whitney Hovater ,&nbsp;Angela Rosenberg ,&nbsp;Gennifer Wahbah Makhoul ,&nbsp;Gita Vatandoust ,&nbsp;Mohamad Maruf","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Calcium channel blockers and angiotensin II receptor blockers are commonly used medications. With an increased prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) disease worldwide, comes an increased use of CV medications. While relatively uncommon, CV medications toxicity can have significant mortality and morbidity, and necessitates complex management.</div></div><div><h3>Case</h3><div>A 63-year-old male with past medical history of hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia, myeloproliferative neoplasm, anxiety, and major depressive disorder presented to our emergency department (ED) for intentional polypharmacy overdose. The patient had severe hypotension and was found to have distributive shock due to acute amlodipine and losartan toxicity. The patient was managed with high dose insulin euglycemia therapy (HIET) with concomitant dextrose infusion and vasopressors in the intensive care unit. HIET is a treatment primarily used for severe toxicity caused by calcium channel blocker or beta-blocker overdoses, it works by improving myocardial contractility and increasing cardiac output through insulin's inotropic effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Combined CCB and ARB toxicity can lead to very severe hypotension and hemodynamic instability. Several treatment options are available, with the first-line options being HIET, vasopressors, and calcium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic insights into ataxia with ocular apraxia type 1: Unraveling a mutation in APTX in a case report of Pakistani family","authors":"Rabia Akram ,&nbsp;Shahid Mahmood Baig ,&nbsp;Ikram Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Javed Iqbal ,&nbsp;Henry Houlden ,&nbsp;Tao Sun ,&nbsp;Brijesh Sathian ,&nbsp;Ghulam Hussain ,&nbsp;Javed Iqbal","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 1 (AOA1) is an uncommon genetic condition characterized by dysarthria and gait abnormalities. The predominant characteristic of AOA1 is childhood-onset progressive cerebellar ataxia. Our study aimed to determine the clinical and molecular spectrum of AOA1. We investigated a consanguineous Pakistani family with four affected individuals with early-onset progressive ataxia by using whole-exome sequencing (WES) and co-segregation analysis. Sequencing analysis revealed a novel homozygous variant c.527 T &gt; G (p.Val176Gly) in exon 5 of the aprataxin (<em>APTX)</em> gene. The prominent clinical features of affected individuals include wide-based ataxic gait, difficulties walking, dysmetria, and limb ataxia. The findings of this study broaden the genotypic spectrum of <em>APTX</em> mutations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of mirror facial exercises in a child with Bell’s palsy: A case report","authors":"Zahraqumi Halimati ,&nbsp;Henny Luthfianingrum ,&nbsp;Ghani Ikhsan Majid","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Case Diagnosis: Bell’s palsy is a neuropathy involving the seventh cranial nerve, that, can be caused by traumatic, infective, inflammatory, and idiopathic. Presentation of Bell’s palsy in pediatric population is quite rare. Appropriate therapy must be given to prevent sequelae that affect their function, social life, and psychology.Case Description: We present a case of a six-year-old girl with Bell’s palsy. She came with five days of left facial nerve paralysis. Patient couldn’t raise her left eyebrow, unable to close her left eye completely, asymmetrical on the left nose and lip, absence of left forehead creases and nasolabial fold, and synkineses. To quantify the outcome, Facial Grading System (FGS) was calculated, and obtained score 5/100 on the first day of therapy. The patient was prescribed a course of methylprednisolone for eleven days and mecobalamine for seven days. The physical rehabilitation program was electrical stimulation and infrared therapy once a week, and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF). On the seventh day, the FGS score was 10/100.This happened because her parents, as fulltime workers, not performed PNF appropriately and the patient couldn’t perform it independently. Therefore, patient was trained with easier facial exercises that could be performed independently in front of mirror. Then, the FGS score significantly improved, the score was 58/100 on the 13th day, and 96/100 on the 16th day.Discussion: Facial exercises in front of mirror can provide a biofeedback effect that make visual stimulation to the brain to give signals in moving the facial muscles repeatedly to prevent potential facial muscle contractures and improve facial function.Conculsion: Facial exercises in front of mirror can help patient with Bell’s Palsy to recover in shorter duration and increase muscle strength, prevent synkinesis, dyskinesis, and improve facial functionality in children with Bell’s Palsy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality benefits of coronary revascularization in a 38-year-old post-out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patient: Case report","authors":"Wael A. Labib ,&nbsp;Reem.M.A. Ebrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 38-year-old male dental patient experienced an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) due to a significant anterior myocardial infarction. After collapsing and losing responsiveness, he received advanced life support and intubation. An electrocardiogram confirmed the myocardial infarction, leading to an urgent coronary angiography that revealed a total occlusion in the proximal left anterior descending artery. Emergency revascularization with a drug-eluting stent was performed, restoring blood flow. Although he remained comatose after the procedure, echocardiography indicated preserved systolic function. Mechanical ventilation and enteral feeding were initiated to support recovery. This study highlights coronary revascularization's complexities and potential benefits for critically ill patients who have experienced an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}