Cytokeratin 19 a potential biomarker for circulating tumor cells in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma

IF 0.4 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI:10.1016/j.ajoms.2024.06.006

Noble T. Baby , Shaji Thomas , R. Rejnish Kumar , Jayasree Kattoor , S. Kannan

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Abstract

Objective

Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in the oral cavity. The lack of a signature biomarker to assess the treatment response makes the overall survival rate still less. Cytokeratins are intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton and shown to be used as a marker to detect circulating tumor cells (CTC) of different carcinomas. The present study aims to evaluate the potential of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) as a marker for CTC in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTC) patients.

Methods

The expression pattern of CK19 was assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of OTC patients by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and correlated to various clinico-pathological parameters of patients. The association between various clinico-pathological parameters and the expression of CK19 was evaluated by the Chi-Square Test.

Results

The results suggest that CK19 mRNA level is significantly associated with the clinical stage (P = 0.021) and nodal status (P = 0.011) of patients. Also, a significant association is observed with overall survival (P = 0.017) of the patients with CK19 expression.