Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology最新文献

Enhancing dental implant biocompatibility: A systematic review of photofunctionalization strategies 增强牙种植体生物相容性：光功能化策略的系统综述

IF 0.4 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.09.017

G.Laxmi Kavya, Anil Kumar K, Gautami S. Penmetsa, Mohan Kumar P, Sruthima NVS Gottumukkala, Ramesh KSV, Murali Krishna D

Background and objective

Successful osseointegration has been one of the most crucial elements influencing the clinical outcome of dental implant treatment. As a result, numerous surface treatment techniques have been developed and implemented over time to enhance dental implant osseointegration. A novel surface modification technique known as photofunctionalization (PhF) was proposed to improve implant osseointegration. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the available data on the effects of PhF on dental implant osseointegration, the speed of osseointegration, and implant stability.

Materials and methods

This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The terms "dental implants," "PhF," and "osseointegration" were strategically searched in electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The review encompassed research papers published up until April 2024.

Results

PhF was associated with improved implant stability, faster osseointegration, and, in some trials, reduced crestal bone loss and healing time, particularly in poor bone quality or complex cases. Reported success rates ranged from 97.6 % to 100 % even with shorter healing periods. Comparative studies demonstrated higher bone-to-implant contact, greater removal torque resistance, and increased implant stability scores for PhF-treated implants versus untreated controls. Risk-of-bias analysis indicated 68.3 % of studies were low risk, 20 % unclear, and 11.6 % high risk.

Conclusions

PhF appeared to have a beneficial impact on the rate of implant stabilization, making it a potentially effective approach for accelerating osseointegration and shortening the overall healing period. The evidence suggested that PhF enhanced implant stability.

背景与目的成功的种植体骨融合是影响种植体临床疗效的关键因素之一。因此，随着时间的推移，许多表面处理技术已经被开发和实施，以增强种植体的骨整合。提出了一种新的表面修饰技术，称为光功能化（PhF），以改善种植体骨整合。本系统综述旨在评估PhF对种植体骨整合、骨整合速度和种植体稳定性影响的现有数据。材料和方法本系统评价遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南。在PubMed、Web of Science和Scopus等电子数据库中战略性地搜索了“牙科植入物”、“PhF”和“骨整合”等术语。该综述涵盖了截至2024年4月发表的研究论文。结果sphf可改善种植体稳定性，加快骨整合速度，并在一些试验中减少牙冠骨丢失和愈合时间，特别是在骨质量差或复杂的病例中。报告的成功率从97.6% %到100% %不等，即使愈合时间较短。比较研究表明，与未治疗的对照组相比，phf治疗组的骨与种植体接触度更高，去除扭矩阻力更大，种植体稳定性评分更高。风险偏倚分析显示68.3% %的研究为低风险，20% %为不清楚，11.6% %为高风险。结论sphf对种植体的稳定率有良好的影响，是一种加速骨整合和缩短整体愈合时间的潜在有效方法。有证据表明PhF增强了种植体的稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

Association between immune-related adverse events and treatment efficacy in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors 接受免疫检查点抑制剂的口腔鳞状细胞癌患者免疫相关不良事件与治疗疗效之间的关系

IF 0.4 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.09.015

Kotaro Sakurai , Shuichi Imaue , Atsushi Ikeda , Akinari Sakurai , Hidetake Tachinami , Danki Takatsuka , Mitsuna Fujiki , Shin-ichi Yamada

Objective

This retrospective study examined the relationship between the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients with recurrent or metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods

Forty patients who received ICIs as their initial treatment were included in the analysis, which utilized medical records. The severity of irAEs was evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Treatment outcomes were evaluated based on the overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS).

Results

Twenty-two irAEs were observed in 15 patients, after a median follow-up period of 15.5 months. Treatment response was significantly higher in irAE+ patients for ORR (66.7 %) and DCR (93.3 %) compared to irAE- patients (28.0 %, 48.0 %). The median OS was 36 months for irAE+ patients and 12 months for irAE- patients (P < 0.01). Similarly, the median PFS was 10 months for irAE+ patients and 2 months for irAE- patients (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified irAE occurrence (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.3; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.07–0.9; P < 0.05) as independent factors for prolonged OS.

Conclusions

These results revealed a significant correlation between irAE occurrence and improved clinical outcomes. IrAEs could potentially serve as biomarkers for predicting ICI efficacy in patients with OSCC.

目的回顾性研究复发或转移性口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）患者免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）的疗效与免疫相关不良事件（irAEs）之间的关系。方法采用病历资料对40例首次接受体外循环药物治疗的患者进行分析。根据不良事件通用术语标准5.0版对irae的严重程度进行评估。治疗结果根据总缓解率（ORR）、疾病控制率（DCR）、总生存期（OS）和无进展生存期（PFS）进行评估。结果15例患者共观察到22例irae，中位随访时间15.5个月。在ORR（66.7 %）和DCR（93.3 %）方面，irAE+ 患者的治疗反应明显高于irAE-患者（28.0 %,48.0 %）。irAE+ 患者的中位OS为36个月，irAE-患者的中位OS为12个月（P <； 0.01）。同样，irAE+ 患者的中位PFS为10个月，irAE-患者的中位PFS为2个月（P <； 0.05）。多因素分析发现，irAE的发生（风险比[HR]: 0.3； 95 %置信区间[CI]: 0.07-0.9; P <； 0.05）是延长OS的独立因素。结论irAE的发生与临床预后的改善有显著的相关性。irae有可能作为预测OSCC患者ICI疗效的生物标志物。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of genipin and tranexamic acid in stabilizing platelet-rich fibrin membranes and delaying degradation 吉尼平与氨甲环酸稳定富血小板纤维蛋白膜和延缓降解的比较分析

IF 0.4 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.09.016

Nutnicha Nakngoenthong, Napatsorn Imerb , Yuthakran Aschaitrakool

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate genipin as a crosslinker to enhance platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane stability compared to tranexamic acid (TA) in terms of appearance, weight loss, and surface fibrin structure.

Methods

PRF membranes from 6 healthy volunteers were prepared and subsequently immersed in various agents, divided into 3 groups: control (phosphate-buffered saline), TA (200 mg/4 mL), and genipin (0.1 %) for 24 h. The degradation time and daily weight loss of the samples were assessed until Day 28 or complete degradation. Additionally, fibrin network structure was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ImageJ software on Days 7 and 14 to assess the fibrin density in PRF membrane surfaces.

Results

The genipin group exhibited significantly prolonged degradation (28.0 ± 0.0 days) compared to the TA (11.5 ± 2.3 days) and control groups (10.3 ± 2.5 days; p < 0.05). It also showed significantly higher remaining weight. SEM analysis revealed a denser fibrin network in the genipin group at both assessed time points, indicating superior mechanical stability and sustained growth factor release.

Conclusions

Genipin (0.1 %) effectively enhances PRF membrane longevity compared to TA, making it a promising agent for oral and maxillofacial applications, particularly in guided bone regeneration and soft tissue healing.

目的：与氨甲环酸（TA）相比，本研究旨在评估格尼平作为交联剂在外观、体重减轻和表面纤维蛋白结构方面增强富血小板纤维蛋白（PRF）膜稳定性的效果。方法6名健康志愿者制备sprf膜，浸泡于不同药剂中，分为3组：对照组（磷酸盐缓冲盐水）、TA（200 mg/4 mL）和genipin(0.1 %)，浸泡24 h。评估样品的降解时间和每日重量损失，直到第28天或完全降解。此外，在第7天和第14天，使用扫描电镜（SEM）和ImageJ软件分析纤维蛋白网络结构，以评估PRF膜表面的纤维蛋白密度。结果与TA组（11.5 ± 2.3 d）和对照组（10.3 ± 2.5 d; p <； 0.05）相比，genipin组降解时间明显延长（28.0 ± 0.0 d）。它还显示出更高的剩余体重。扫描电镜分析显示，在两个评估时间点，genipin组的纤维蛋白网络更密集，表明优越的机械稳定性和持续的生长因子释放。结论与TA相比，genipin（0.1% %）能有效延长PRF膜的寿命，是一种有前景的口腔颌面部应用药物，特别是在引导骨再生和软组织愈合方面。

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引用次数: 0

Comparison of lymphocytic response to oral epithelial pre-neoplastic and inflammatory lesions 淋巴细胞对口腔上皮癌前病变和炎性病变反应的比较

IF 0.4 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.09.013

Kei Yamamoto , Yoshihiko Akashi , Kei Nakajima , Katsutoshi Kokubun , Tatsukuni Ohno , Kenichi Matsuzaka

Objective

This study aimed to compare immune responses between oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral lichen planus (OLP), focusing on the localization and characteristics of lymphocytic infiltration. Additionally, we evaluated how the tumor microenvironment influences CD8-positive T-cell activity using an in vitro culture model.

Methods

Tissue specimens from patients with OED (n = 13) and OLP (n = 13) were analyzed using immunohistochemistry to detect CD8-, CD20-, and CD138-positive lymphocytes. In vitro analysis was performed by culturing CD8-positive T cells in the supernatant of Ca9–22 (tumor-derived) cells or a cell-free control medium. Cell proliferation was assessed using EdU-based flow cytometry.

Results

OED samples exhibited marked infiltration of CD8-positive T cells into the upper epithelium, along with the presence of CD20-positive B cells and CD138-positive plasma cells in the connective tissue. Conversely, OLP predominantly showed CD8-positive infiltration in the subepithelial region, consistent with autoimmune mechanisms. In vitro analysis found that CD8-positive T cells cultured in Ca9–22 supernatant showed a trend toward decreased proliferation compared to those cultured in the cell-free control.

Conclusions

OED appears to represent a transitional immune state, characterized by active cytotoxic infiltration yet showing early signs of immune modulation. OLP, by contrast, reflects a sustained state of immune activation. These findings highlight fundamental differences in immune dynamics between premalignant and inflammatory oral lesions and may contribute to improved diagnostic and monitoring approaches.

目的比较口腔上皮发育不良（OED）和口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）的免疫应答，重点研究淋巴细胞浸润的定位和特征。此外，我们利用体外培养模型评估了肿瘤微环境如何影响cd8阳性t细胞活性。方法采用免疫组化方法对OED （n = 13）和OLP （n = 13）患者的组织标本进行CD8-、CD20-和cd138阳性淋巴细胞检测。体外分析通过将cd8阳性T细胞培养在Ca9-22（肿瘤来源）细胞的上清液或无细胞对照培养基中进行。采用基于edu的流式细胞术评估细胞增殖。结果soed样品显示cd8阳性T细胞向上上皮浸润，结缔组织中存在cd20阳性B细胞和cd138阳性浆细胞。相反，OLP主要在上皮下区域显示cd8阳性浸润，与自身免疫机制一致。体外分析发现，在Ca9-22上清液中培养的cd8阳性T细胞与在无细胞对照中培养的T细胞相比，有增殖降低的趋势。结论soed可能是一种过渡性免疫状态，其特征是细胞毒性浸润活跃，但有早期免疫调节的迹象。相比之下，OLP反映了一种持续的免疫激活状态。这些发现强调了癌前病变和炎症性口腔病变之间免疫动力学的根本差异，并可能有助于改进诊断和监测方法。

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引用次数: 0

Unusual immature epignathus teratoma: Case report with survival 不寻常的未成熟附着物畸胎瘤：存活1例报告

IF 0.4 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.09.014

Julia Esther Kattan-Rodriguez , Juan José Guifarro , Hugo Romero Alvarenga , Francisco Adolfo Díaz , Fabiola Salgado-Chavarria , Maria Fernanda Cardona , Ingrid Jissela Barahona , Adriana Diaz-Rodríguez , Vilma Alejandra Umanzor Bonilla

Teratomas are benign tumors derived from the three germ layers. Epignathus is an extremely rare congenital variant that develops in the oropharyngeal region, with a very low incidence. Due to its large size and location, it can cause airway obstruction, swallowing difficulties, and breastfeeding problems, leading to a high mortality rate if not treated promptly. The treatment consists of surgical resection, which is generally curative. This article describes a case of a giant epignathus successfully treated in a neonate; there was no recurrence or new comorbidities, highlighting the importance of an early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management.

畸胎瘤是由三种胚层形成的良性肿瘤。表ignathus是一种极为罕见的先天性变异，发展在口咽区，发病率非常低。由于其巨大的体积和位置，它可以引起气道阻塞，吞咽困难和母乳喂养问题，如果不及时治疗，导致高死亡率。治疗包括手术切除，这通常是治愈的。这篇文章描述了一个巨大的表腺成功治疗的情况下，在新生儿；没有复发或新的合并症，突出了早期诊断和多学科管理的重要性。

引用次数: 0

Postoperative hemorrhagic complication due to acquired factor XIII deficiency: A case report 术后获得性因子13缺乏所致出血性并发症1例

IF 0.4 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.09.012

Shouji Saitou , Mika Nishikawa , Shigeki Joseph Luke Fujiwara , Marina Takata , Kaori Takata , Soushi Fujita , Satoru Eguchi , Kazumi Takaishi , Shinji Kawahito

Patients with factor XIII (FXIII) deficiency exhibit bleeding tendency that is challenging to diagnose, wherein coagulation test results, such as prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, typically reveal normal findings. Herein, we report a 64-year-old man who presented to our hospital with FXIII deficiency. The patient had a medical history of asthma, Parkinson’s disease, hypertension, a large abdominal artery aneurysm, chronic kidney disease, and asymptomatic cerebral infarction. He was diagnosed with a left-sided mandibular dentigerous cyst. Dentigerous cystectomy and third molar extraction were performed without any significant complications. However, upon returning to the hospital room, the patient experienced persistent ongoing oozing from the surgical site. The bleeding persisted; FXIII deficiency was suspected. The diagnosis was confirmed on postoperative day ten. Following FXIII concentrate administration, the patient exhibited significant improvements in postoperative bleeding. FXIII deficiency should be considered in cases of severe oozing, even when coagulation testing reveals no major abnormal findings. Additionally, a disseminated intravascular coagulation score based on the Japanese criteria might be effective in evaluating the risk of postoperative bleeding, including FXIII deficiency.

因子XIII （FXIII）缺乏的患者表现出出血倾向，难以诊断，其中凝血试验结果，如凝血酶原时间和活化部分凝血活酶时间，通常显示正常的结果。在此，我们报告一位64岁男性因FXIII缺乏症来我院就诊。患者既往有哮喘、帕金森病、高血压、腹大动脉瘤、慢性肾病、无症状脑梗死等病史。他被诊断为左侧下颌含牙囊肿。无明显并发症，行含牙膀胱切除术和第三磨牙拔牙。然而，在回到病房后，患者经历了手术部位持续不断的渗出。出血还在继续；怀疑FXIII缺乏。术后第10天确诊。服用FXIII浓缩液后，患者术后出血明显改善。在严重渗出的情况下，即使凝血试验未发现重大异常，也应考虑FXIII缺乏。此外，基于日本标准的弥散性血管内凝血评分可能有效评估术后出血风险，包括FXIII缺乏症。

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引用次数: 0

Current status of patients with maxillofacial fractures in high-energy trauma in our hospital: Usefulness and limitations of conventional classifications 我院高能外伤颌面部骨折的现状：常规分类的有效性和局限性

IF 0.4 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.09.010

Yoshiaki Kitsukawa , Ryo Shiraishi , Aya Koike , Toshiki Hyodo , Yosuke Kunitomi , Shuma Yagisawa , Tomonori Hasegawa , Yasuhiro Tsubura , Yuske Komiyama , Chonji Fukumoto , Takahiro Wakui , Hitoshi Kawamata

Objective

In order to evaluated the usefulness and limitations of conventional classifications for maxillofacial fracture in high-energy trauma, we analyzed the current status of maxillofacial fractures in our hospital.

Methods

One hundred nineteen patients with maxillofacial fractures who were treated at our hospital from January 2014 to August 2022 were subjected to this study. We retrospectively searched the electronic medical records of the patients for gender, age, cause of trauma, consultation route, fracture site, fracture pattern, complicating other serious injury, treatment details, and period before surgery if surgery was performed.

Results

There were 29 patients in the high-energy trauma group and 90 patients in the non-high-energy trauma group. Regarding midface fractures, fracture patterns in high-energy trauma group did not apply to the Le Fort classification than those in non-high-energy trauma group. Mandibular fractures in non-high-energy trauma group, fractures were more frequent at common sites, including the mandibular angle, mandibular median, and condylar process neck, whereas those in high-energy trauma group were more frequent at sites other than those previously reported as common sites. Complicating other serious injuries at sites other than maxillofacial region were significantly more common in high-energy trauma group than in non-high-energy trauma group.

Conclusions

The majority of patients with maxillofacial fractures in high-energy trauma were difficult to classify according to conventional classifications of maxillofacial fractures. There is a need to develop a simple and appropriate diagnostic classification that can guide treatment plans and prognosis for patients with maxillofacial fracture in high-energy trauma.

目的分析我院高能量创伤颌面骨折的现状，评价常规颌面骨折分类的有效性及局限性。方法选取2014年1月至2022年8月在我院治疗的119例颌面部骨折患者为研究对象。我们回顾性地检索了患者的电子病历，包括性别、年龄、创伤原因、咨询途径、骨折部位、骨折类型、是否合并其他严重损伤、治疗细节以及手术前的时间。结果高能外伤组29例，非高能外伤组90例。对于中面部骨折，高能创伤组的骨折类型不适用Le Fort分类，而非高能创伤组。在非高能创伤组中，骨折多发于常见部位，包括下颌骨角、下颌正中和髁突颈，而高能创伤组中骨折多发于其他部位，而非以往报道的常见部位。除颌面部外，其他严重损伤在高能外伤组的发生率明显高于非高能外伤组。结论绝大多数高能创伤颌面骨折患者难以按照常规的颌面骨折分类进行分类。有必要建立一种简单、合适的诊断分类，以指导高能外伤颌面部骨折患者的治疗方案和预后。

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引用次数: 0

Weber–Fergusson incision with triangular flaps to improve postoperative upper lip morphology: A report of five cases 三角形皮瓣Weber-Fergusson切口改善术后上唇形态5例报告

IF 0.4 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.09.011

Norika Funayama, Kazuhide Matsunaga, Akinori Takeshita, Yoshihiro Morita, Himeka Satake, Takafumi Kashiwagi, Emiko Ogasa, Narikazu Uzawa

A Weber–Fergusson incision is used to resect extensive tumors in the maxilla. Some reports have described postoperative scarring and upper lip asymmetry in cases in which a Weber–Fergusson incision was used. In this study, a Weber–Fergusson incision with two triangular flaps was applied to prevent postoperative scarring and upper lip asymmetry. Here, we present details of this surgical procedure and the postoperative outcomes in patients treated using it.

Five patients having a maxillary malignant tumor underwent resection of the maxilla using a Weber–Fergusson incision, with the raw surface of the buccal mucosa undergoing skin grafting. For the upper lip incision, a 6 mm triangular flap was set 5 mm above the vermilion border within the philtrum on the white lip and a 6 mm triangular flap was set on the vermilion-mucosal junction of the red lip. The upper lip morphology was evaluated one year postoperatively. In all patients, postoperative scarring of the white lip and depression of the red lip were not noticeable, and both patient and observer assessments favorable. Our Weber–Fergusson incision method might be useful for obtaining good postoperative upper lip morphology in adult patients with a maxillary malignant tumor.

采用Weber-Fergusson切口切除上颌骨大面积肿瘤。一些报道描述了术后瘢痕和上唇不对称的情况下，韦伯-弗格森切口使用。在本研究中，采用带有两个三角形皮瓣的Weber-Fergusson切口来防止术后瘢痕和上唇不对称。在这里，我们介绍这种手术的细节和使用它治疗的患者的术后结果。5例上颌恶性肿瘤患者采用Weber-Fergusson切口切除上颌，颊黏膜原表面植皮。对于上唇切口，在白唇中朱红色边界上方5 mm处设置6 mm三角形皮瓣，在红唇朱红色-粘膜交界处设置6 mm三角形皮瓣。术后1年观察上唇形态。在所有患者中，术后白唇瘢痕和红唇凹陷不明显，患者和观察者的评估都是有利的。我们的Weber-Fergusson切口法可能有助于上颌恶性肿瘤成人患者术后获得良好的上唇形态。

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引用次数: 0

Cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis – Patterns of spread: Case report and review of literature 颈面坏死性筋膜炎-传播模式：病例报告及文献回顾

IF 0.4 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.09.009

Clarence Tang , Aidan McKinlay, James Buckley

This report describes a rare case of an ascending cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis in an otherwise healthy 24-year-old after routine third molar extractions. Cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis is typically odontogenic and spreads in a descending pattern through the anterior neck toward the mediastinum, but other pathways of spread are possible, including ascending and periorbital spread.

本报告描述一个罕见的病例上升颈面坏死性筋膜炎在其他健康的24岁后，常规第三磨牙拔牙。颈面坏死性筋膜炎通常是牙源性的，通过颈前向纵隔下行传播，但也可能通过其他途径传播，包括上升和眶周传播。

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of bone-to-implant contact area in patients with reduced residual bone height in the posterior maxilla: A virtual simulation study 后上颌骨残骨高度降低患者骨与种植体接触面积的评估：一项虚拟模拟研究

IF 0.4 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.09.007

Artem Artemchuk, Bekir Osmanov, Yurii Chepurnyi

Objective

To investigate the relationship between implant diameter and potential bone to implant contact area (pBIC) under varying residual bone heights in the posterior maxilla using virtual modeling techniques.

Methods

A total of 444 virtual implant placements were simulated using CBCT data from partially edentulous patients with residual alveolar ridge heights ranging from ≤ 2 mm to < 7 mm. Three conical implant models (3.5, 4.0, and 4.5 mm diameter, 10 mm length) were virtually positioned with identical angulation. pBIC was calculated based on Boolean operations and segmentation in a CAD environment. Residual bone height was categorized into three groups: ≤ 2 mm, > 2–4 mm, and > 4–< 7 mm. Statistical analysis included non‑parametric and parametric tests as appropriate, with p < 0.05 as the significance threshold.

Results

Implants of 4.0 mm diameter showed pBIC values comparable to both 3.5 mm and 4.5 mm, representing a possible optimal diameter. Each 0.5 mm increase in implant diameter corresponded to a 16–18 % increase in pBIC. However, under minimal bone conditions (≤2 mm), differences among diameters were not statistically significant; with increasing bone height, differences became more pronounced, reaching up to ∼30 % disparity and growing proportionally with bone height.

Conclusions

Implant diameter significantly influences pBIC, particularly with adequate residual bone height. When bone availability is limited, the impact diminishes. These findings emphasize the need for individualized implant selection and further clinical studies exploring the interactions between bone microarchitecture, biomechanical properties, implant design, and insertion torque.

目的应用虚拟模型技术研究不同残骨高度下种植体直径与潜在骨与种植体接触面积（pBIC）的关系。方法利用残牙槽嵴高度≤ 2 mm至 7 mm的部分无牙患者的CBCT数据，模拟444个虚拟种植体的放置。三种锥形种植体模型（直径3.5、4.0和4.5 mm，长度10 mm）以相同的角度定位。在CAD环境下，基于布尔运算和分割计算pBIC。残骨高度分为≤ 2 mm、>； 2 - 4 mm和>； 4 -<； 7 mm三组。统计分析酌情包括非参数检验和参数检验，p <； 0.05为显著性阈值。结果4.0 mm直径的植物pBIC值与3.5 mm和4.5 mm相当，是可能的最佳直径。种植体直径每增加0.5 mm， pBIC增加16-18 %。然而，在最小骨条件下（≤2 mm），直径之间的差异无统计学意义；随着骨高的增加，差异变得更加明显，达到约30% %的差异，并与骨高成比例地增长。结论植骨直径对pBIC有显著影响，特别是在残骨高度足够的情况下。当骨的可用性有限时，影响就会减弱。这些发现强调了个性化种植体选择的必要性，以及进一步的临床研究，探索骨微结构、生物力学特性、种植体设计和插入扭矩之间的相互作用。

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引用次数: 0