Societal impact of micro-exercise for work-related musculoskeletal disorders: The case of Denmark

Abstract

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) cause widespread pain and suffering worldwide. Ergonomic advice on lifting technique and sitting posture has been ineffective in preventing MSDs. Through a series of studies conducted over 15 years, the National Research Centre for the Working Environment in Denmark has developed and documented the effectiveness of micro-exercise for MSDs across a range of job groups. Micro-exercise refers to brief and manageable bouts of efficient physical exercise that can easily be integrated into the workday, such as strength training with an elastic band. The national communication campaign, ‘Job & Body,’ promoted these exercises across Denmark. National surveillance of the working environment shows a notable increase in workers offered micro-exercise at their workplace, from 15.2 % in 2012 to 25.2 % in 2023. This societal impact reflects the success of continuously refining research to meet workplace needs and overcoming practical, ideological, and cultural barriers.