Contaminación ambiental y salud cardiovascular: enfoque integral y nuevas evidencias

Abstract

Environmental pollution profoundly affects cardiovascular health. Traditionally, recommendations on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention focus on modifiable behavioral and metabolic risk factors, but environmental pollution is emerging as a critical factor, causing up to 20% of cardiovascular mortality.

This review explores the impact of environmental factors on cardiovascular health, examining the evidence on contaminants such as microplastics, atmospheric and acoustic pollution, and exposure to heavy metals. It evaluates their influence on the development of cardiovascular disease and their association with increased mortality, as well as their interaction with traditional risk factors. Addressing environmental pollution is not only crucial for CVD prevention, but also an ethical imperative. A holistic approach that considers both traditional and environmental risk factors is crucial for designing effective public health strategies and addressing the ethical dimension inherent in the protection of human health and the environment.